汶川地震灾害特征与建筑物震害原因讨论  

Characteristics of Wenchuan Earthquake Disasters and Discussion on Causes of Buildings Damage

作　　者：郭婷婷[1,2] 于贵华[1] 徐锡伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,国家地震活动断层研究中心,北京100029 [2]山东省地震局地震工程研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《工程抗震与加固改造》2010年第4期125-133,共9页Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40821160550);(40940003);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(IGCEA0905);山东省地震局博士科研项目

摘　　要：汶川Ms8.0地震产生了强烈的地表破裂变形,并引发了大量的山体滑坡、岩石崩塌等次生地质灾害,造成了严重的建筑物破坏与人员伤亡。在实地调查汶川地震地表破裂、地震次生地质灾害以及大量建筑物破坏情况的基础上,本文分析了汶川地震灾害特征;讨论了汶川地震灾区建筑物的破坏和分布情况与汶川地震发震断裂的关系。依据现行建筑物的抗震设防要求与建筑抗震设计规范,从建筑物选址、建筑抗震设计及建筑施工等方面,对汶川地震灾害中的典型建筑物破坏案例及其原因进行分析讨论,并提出相应的防御措施,可为建筑物的抗震设防工程提供经验与依据。Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake produced strong surface rupture and deformation,induced plenty of landslide and bedrock collapse,etc,and brought about serious buildings damage and casualties.In this paper,Wenchuan Earthquake surface rupture,secondary geological disasters and a large number of buildings damage are investigated on-site.Characteristics of Wenchuan Earthquake disasters are analysed,and relationship between buildings destruction and its distribution in disaster area and the seismogenic fault of Wenchuan Earthquake is discussed.According to seismic protection and the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings,typical buildings damage and its causes are studied and discussed from buildings location,seismic design,buildings construction and other aspects.It is suggested that corresponding measures which can provide experience and basis for seismic protection of buildings.

关 键 词：汶川地震 抗震设防 地震地表破裂 抗震设计 抗震结构体系 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]