TRIPS-plus条款的扩张及中国的应对策略——以药品的专利保护为视角  

Expansion of TRIPS-plus Provisions and China’s Counter-measures:From the Perspective of Patent Protection for Medicine

作　　者：吴雪燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《现代法学》2010年第5期112-120,共9页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家留学基金委2009年度"青年骨干教师出国研修项目"(20093013)

摘　　要：近年以来,美国与欧盟等发达国家利用TRIPS协议的弹性规定,在与其他国家签订的自由贸易协定中大量加入TRIPS-plus条款。这些条款通过对TRIPS的拓展以及限制来提高知识产权保护标准,在药品的专利保护领域尤为突出。实践证明,TRIPS-plus条款严重影响了发展中国家药品的可及性。我国作为大量依靠仿制药品的发展中国家,在国内立法以及签署自由贸易区协定等国际条约时,应当对TRIPS-plus条款保持高度警惕,审慎引入专利链接制度,为数据独占保护设置限制条件,保留强制许可、平行进口等TRIPS允许的弹性条款,尽量为国内政策预留一些选择空间。In recent years, developed countries like the USA and the EU, taking advantage of elastic pro- visions of the TRIPS, insert lots of TRIPS-plus provisions into the FFAs while signing Free Trade Agreements with developing countries with market access and FDI as a lure. The added provisions raise the level of protec- tion of intellectual property through the expansion of TRIPS and creation of higher standards. It is proved that in practice the TRIPS-plus provisions have considerably adverse effects on developing countries＇ access to essen- tial medicines. As a developing country largely depending on generic drugs, China should be cautious about TRIPS-plus provisions while making laws or negotiating free trade treaties with other countries.

关 键 词：TRIPS TRIPS—plus 专利保护 药品可及性 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]