不同施磷量对设施番茄生长、产量的影响及最佳施用量研究  

Effect of Phosphate on Growth and Yield of Tomato and Optimum Application Rate in Greenhouse

作　　者：沙海宁[1] 孙权[1] 李建设[1] 周明[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2010年第20期59-62,共4页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2007BAD57B04;2007BAD88B06);宁夏林业局科技攻关项目(2007-01号);宁夏教育厅项目(08-21)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了二代日光节能温室不同施磷量对番茄生长、产量及其经济效益的影响。结果表明,幼苗期,磷肥施用量显著促进茎粗和叶面积的增加;而花期叶面积和冠幅差异不显著。随着施磷量的增加,番茄株高、茎粗、叶绿素均比对照显著增加,但处理间差异不显著。随着番茄植株的生长,至花期营养生长与生殖生长并进,不同施肥处理中番茄株高、茎粗、冠幅、叶绿素均显著增加。番茄产量的磷效应表现为典型的抛物线式,施磷量低于225kg/hm2时,随施磷量的增加,番茄产量增加;但进一步增加施磷量则会导致产量下降,从而得到其最高产量施磷量为253.90kg/hm2,最大经济效益施磷量为250.80kg/hm2。A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of Phosphate on growth and yield of tomato and the optimum application amount.The results showed that seedling stage,phosphate application significantly enhanced the increase in stem diameter and leaf area;while flowering leaf area and crown size difference was not significant.With the increase in P application rate,tomato plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll a significant increase than the control,but no significant difference among treatments.With the growth of tomato plants to flowering vegetative and reproductive growth of the times,in different fertilization treatments in the tomato plant height,stem diameter,crown width,chlorophyll were significantly increased.Non significant effects of different potassium application rate on height,diameter of stem,leaf area,breadth of tress,as well as chlorophyll were observed.However,tomato yield was significantly affected by potassium application.The Yield of Tomato was increased along with increased phosphate application rate under 225 kg/hm2.Yet further increased phosphate led to decrease of tomato production.The maximum application rate of phosphate for tomato growth is 253.90 kg/hm2.The optimum application amount of it is 250.80 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：日光温室 产量 施磷量 番茄 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]