核酸适体电化学生物传感器的研究进展  

The Aptamer of Electrochemical Biosensors

作　　者：刘文伟[1] 韩跃武[1] 张雪燕[1] 查成喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《亚太传统医药》2010年第10期154-156,共3页Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine

摘　　要：核酸适体(aptamer)是一种体外筛选,功能类似于单克隆抗体的,能与靶物质高特异性、高亲和力结合的寡核苷酸片段。因其具有诸多优于抗体的特点,已被广泛应用到生物传感器领域。而电化学检测技术因其具有选择性好、灵敏度高,以及快速、简单、测试费用低和易于联机化等优点而在适体传感器的发展中占有重要的地位。本研究依据电化学适体传感器的构建原理中DNA链的数量和结构,对近几年电化学适体传感器的研究发展做一综述,包括单链核酸物质体系构建的核酸适体电化学传感器、双螺旋结构的核酸物质体系构建的核酸适体电化学传感器和两条单链核酸物质体系构建的核酸适体电化学传感器。The aptamers are DNA or RNA oligonucleotides selected in vitro which can bind their targets with high affinity and high specificity,the function of aptamers is similar with monoclonal antibody.Because the aptamers there are many advantages than antibody,thus they have received great attention and been widely utilized in biosensing.Electrochemical sensor plays an important role in the development of the aptasensor base to the high sensitivity and selectivity,simple instrumentation as well as compatible with microfabrication technology.In this review,we summarize the recent progress of aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors,according as the number and structure of DNA chains in the fabricate principium of electrochemical biosensors,Include the construction of singlestranded,a double-stranded DNA helix and two single-stranded oligonucleotides.

关 键 词：核酸适体 电化学生物传感器 综述 

分 类 号：R329.26[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]