对“大地园林化”的历史考察  

A Historical Inquiry about 'National Landscaping and Gardening Movement'

作　　者：赵纪军[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《中国园林》2010年第10期56-60,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号51008137)资助

摘　　要："大地园林化"是1958年人民公社运动和"大跃进"高潮时期为改善我国环境面貌而提出的一个口号,并一度作为城市园林和大地绿化建设的指导思想。在"大地园林化"号召下,我国园林绿化建设在群众造林方面取得了一定进展,在城市公园的营造中继承和发展了中国的造园传统。但"大地园林化"未能摆脱此时一度出现的普遍狂热性的影响;同时,虽然曾创造性地提出并实施"园林绿化结合生产"的方针,却在当时的政治、经济和意识条件下使园林绿化事业付出了沉重的代价。因此,"大地园林化"长时间几乎不再被人们提起。改革开放后,西方现代LA(Landscape Architecture)理念在继20世纪初叶为国人所知后被再次引入,是中西文化在中国风景园林领域的又一次碰撞,"大地园林化"的意义也可望在与其交流、对话中获得新的阐释和新的生命力。＇National Landscaping and Gardening Movement＇ was initiated during the People＇s Commune Movement and the high-tide of the Great Leap Forward Campaign to improve the environmental quality of China in 1958.It once became a guideline for urban landscape architecture and national greening development.In the Movement,some progress was made in tree planting for afforestation with mass mobilisation;Chinese garden traditions,including mountain-and-water pattern,affection for nature,and poetic quality and pictorial flavour,were explored in public parks;and residential area greening was promoted under the directive ＇boost in general greening and improve at key point＇.However,＇National Landscaping and Gardening Movement＇ could not escape the influence of contemporary fanaticism.At the same time,though innovative the integral directive and practice of ＇combining greening with production＇ significantly impeded the development of Chinese landscape architecture under the political,economic and ideological conditions.＇National Landscaping and Gardening Movement＇ was as a result dust sealed and almost neglected for a long time.After the reform and opening up of China in late 1970s,the modern concept of landscape architecture in the West was re-introduced into China after its first arrival in the early twentieth century.This was another cultural encounter between China and the West in the field of landscape architecture,in which ＇National Landscaping and Gardening Movement＇ may be newly interpreted and managed.

关 键 词：风景园林 大地园林化 公园 园林绿化结合生产 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]