颞骨冠状切片和高分辨率CT定位圆窗区的邻近结构  

Round window area and its relative structures in coronal sectional anatomy of the temporal bone and high-resolution CT

作　　者：段思佳[1] 段菊如[2] 罗淑贞 李明智[4] 魏江平[4] 鲁纯纠[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学医学院解剖教研室,江西省南昌市330006 [2]南昌大学研究生院医学部2008级,江西省南昌市330006 [3]南昌三三四医院,江西省南昌币330024 [4]江西省人民医院影像中心,江西省南昌市330006

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第39期7323-7326,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技项目(赣教技字[2007]82号);江西省卫生厅科技项目(20062023)~~

摘　　要：背景:作者前期实验曾探讨了圆窗区及周围结构在横断面上的配布特点,虽有资料对颞骨中耳及邻近解剖结构的冠状位影像学特点进行了描述,但由于无统一的冠状扫描基线,导致相关研究结果存在差异。目的:对比分析成人头部标本颞骨冠状切片和高分辨率CT冠状扫描图像上圆窗区及其周围结构的差异。方法:15例(30侧)成人头部标本,以与眦耳线相垂直的直线为基线,获得间隔为1.00mm,厚度为1.00mm的CT冠状扫描图像,扫描后的头部标本按原定位截取以耳颞区为中心的组织块,并制成厚为1.00mm的连续冠状薄层切片。标本切片与CT图像对照,对颞骨内听小骨、骨性半规管、前庭、耳蜗、圆窗、圆窗龛、蒲氏间隙以及面神经颞骨内段等结构进行观察。结果与结论:圆窗龛的内外径、深度分别为(1.36±0.26)和(1.55±0.26)mm,面神经迷路段至弓状隆起的距离为(4.19±0.52)mm,面神经水平段距鼓室盖、距耳蜗、距锤骨头、距盾板、距砧骨短脚间的距离分别为(5.27±0.92),(1.36±0.28),(3.19±0.85),(5.30±0.58)和(2.86±0.54)mm。提示耳颞区火棉胶冠状薄层断面标本能良好显示圆窗区及其周围结构的解剖位置和毗邻关系,可直接与高分辨率CT冠状`扫描图像进行对照分析,其结果对耳科疾病的影像诊断及手术治疗有参考价值。BACKGROUND：Distribution characteristics of round window and surrounding structures on cross section have been discussion in previous studies. Though the CT could identify the inner structures of temporal bone,its tiny parts could hardly be observed accurately and clearly by the imaging examinations of auriculotemporal portion. OBJECTIVE：To compare and analyze the differences of the round window area of the temporal bone as well as the otology by coronal sections and high-resolution computed tomography （HRCT）. METHODS：The images of HRCT were obtained from 15 normal appearance cadaver heads （30 sides） which were scanned by a basic line that perpendicular to the canthomeatal line （CML）. They were 1.0 mm in depth and 1.0 mm in thickness. The serial thin coronal sections which were 1.0 mm in thickness were made,taking the temporal bone as the centre. All the sections were taken from the structures in the temporal region,such as auditory ossicle,osseous semicircular canals,vestibule,cochlea,round window,round window niche,Prussak＇s space,and facial nerve. And finally such sections were compared with HRCT. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The exterior and interior diameter and the depth average of round window niche was （1.36± 0.26） mm and （1.55±0.26） mm respectively. The distance from labyrinthine of facial nerve to arcuate eminence was （4.19± 0.52） mm. And the distance from horizontal segment of facial nerve to tegmen tympani,cochlea,head of malleus,scutal shield and short crus of incus was （5.27±0.92） mm,（1.36±0.28） mm,（3.19±0.85） mm,（5.30±0.58） mm and （2.86±0.54） mm respectively. Such collodion＇s thin coronal section specimens of temporal bone could show the anatomical positions between round window area and its related structure well. Compared with the HRCT,the results contributed to the imaging diagnosis and the operations about the aural diseases.

关 键 词：颞骨 圆窗 断层解剖 冠状面 高分辨率CT 火棉胶 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]