艾滋病流行地区艾滋病感染者/艾滋病病人随访模式探讨  

Study on the follow-up model in the HIV epidemic areas

作　　者：谢忠尧[1] 康永然[2] 杨建华[2] 张海燕 吴尊友[4] 彭丽花[5] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院,北京101149 [2]云南省德宏州盈江县疾病预防控制中心,云南盈江679300 [3]云南省大理市疾病预防控制中心,云南大理671000 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206 [5]北京军区第二六一医院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2010年第10期760-763,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的通过艾滋病感染者/艾滋病病人（以下简称HIV/AIDS）随访服务提供方和接受方的视角,初步了解随访干预的影响因素,探讨在吸毒严重的艾滋病流行地区的随访模式。方法采用半结构化访谈的方法对4名主管艾滋病工作人员,14名随访责任人、40名HIV/AIDS进行个人深入访谈,每人约1~1.5小时。结果政府重视、政策支持、＂四免一关怀＂政策、社区维持治疗、随访工作人员数量、HIV/AIDS的流动、歧视、家庭支持、违法犯罪被公安抓获、交通不便等是影响HIV/AIDS随访的主要因素。结论社区为基础的随访模式不仅可以充分发挥人力资源优势,降低社会歧视,方便提供心理支持,减少HIV/AIDS暴露的机会,还可以及时地随访到外出流动而失访的HIV/AIDS。社区药物维持治疗门诊（MMT）在HIV/AIDS随访当中也发挥了重要作用。建议在艾滋病流行地区迅速采用以社区为基础的随访模式,发挥MMT的随访管理作用,加强与公安部门的合作,在监管场所随访HIV/AIDS。Objective To explore the factors related to follow-up intervention through the service providers＇ and the recipients＇ perspective of HIV/AIDS follow-up service,and to discuss the follow-up model in HIV epidemic areas.Methods The semi-structured in-depth interview was used to interview 4 staffs in charge of HIV,14 follow-up executers,and 40 HIV/AIDS patients about 1-1.5 hours.Results The government attention,policy support,＂four free and one care＂ policy,methadone maintenance treatment,the number of follow-up staffs,higher mobility of HIV/AIDS,discrimination,family support,being monitoring sites for criminal,traffic inconvenience were the main impact factors for the loss of HIV/AIDS follow up.Conclusion The community-based follow-up model can not only take full advantage of human resources,reduce the discrimination,and promote psychological support,also can be timely offer follow-up service to those HIV/AIDS who were lost from the previous service.The MMT clinic can also play an important role in HIV/AIDS follow-up.It is recommended that the epidemic areas adopt the community-based follow-up model,and exert the role of the MMT clinics with the cooperation of the public security to follow up the HIV/AIDS at the monitoring sites.

关 键 词：艾滋病 随访模式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]