氮素形态配比对菜用大豆生长及籽粒膨大中矿质营养含量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Forms and Ratios on the Contents of Mineral Nutrients in Vegetable Soybean Seeds

作　　者：陈磊[1] 朱月林[1] 杨立飞[1] 张功臣[1] 陈国户[1] 陈丽妃[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第10期189-193,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十一.五"国家高技术(863)研究计划重大项目(2006AA10A110);国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项项目(2009ZX08004-011B);野生茄子耐盐基因的克隆及植物表达载体的构建项目(1003A03)

摘　　要：通过蛭石盆栽试验研究了氮素不同形态配比对菜用大豆（品种理想95-1）生长和籽粒矿质营养含量的影响。结果表明：营养液中增加适宜的铵态氮比例（25%~50%）有利于菜用大豆的生长发育,植株茎、叶片、根系和荚果干鲜质量均显著增加;在较高比例的硝态氮（100%）和铵态氮（75%）处理下,菜用大豆生物量均显著降低,在硝铵比为25∶75处理下尤为显著。在营养液中较高比例的铵态氮（75%）处理下,籽粒对总N、P等元素的含量显著增加,K、Ca、Mg等矿质营养含量却显著减少,而在适宜的硝铵比（75∶25和50∶50）处理下则相反,菜用大豆籽粒K、Ca、Mg等矿质营养含量均维持在较高水平。可见,这些矿质营养的积累有利于促进菜用大豆籽粒的发育,而营养液中过多的铵态氮显著抑制了菜用大豆籽粒对K、Ca、Mg等矿质营养的吸收。Using vermiculite culture,the effects of NO3——N∶NH＋4-N ratios on the contents of mineral nutrients in developing seeds of vegetable soybean [Glycine max（L.） Merr.cv.Li-xiang 95-1] were studied.The results showed that the appropriate NH＋4-N ratio between 25% and 50% in nutrient solutions was beneficial to the growth and development of vegetable soybean,also the fresh and dry weight of biomass（including stem,leaf,root and pod） increased significantly.Under the treatment of excessive NO3-（100%） or NH4＋（75%）,both biomass production decreased obviously,especially in NH4＋（75%）.The contents of total N and P increased obviously under the NO3-∶NH4＋ treatment of 25∶75,but the contents of K,Ca and Mg decreased obviously.However,the changes of mineral nutrient contents were just the opposite in the NO3-∶NH4＋ treatments of 75∶25 and 50∶50,in which the contents of K,Ca and Mg maintained at high levels.Therefore,the high contents of mineral nutrients under the appropriate ratios of nitrogen forms were beneficial to the development of vegetable soybean seeds,but the excessive NH4＋ was harmful to the uptake of mineral nutrients.

关 键 词：硝态氮 铵态氮 矿质营养 菜用大豆 

分 类 号：S643.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]