海南省新生儿接种乙肝疫苗成本效益分析  

Cost-benefit analysis of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation in infants in Hainan

作　　者：李俊 孙莲英 曾雪霞 符振旺 何剑 潘婷婷 莫少雄 李位鸿 

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2011年第1期18-21,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助项目(NO:30728)

摘　　要：目的通过分析海南省新生儿接种乙肝疫苗的成本一效益，为制定乙肝控制规划提供经济学依据。方法采用成本一效益分析方法，对海南省新生儿接种乙肝疫苗的项目成本进行测算；比较2003年新生儿接种乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划前后5岁以下儿童中携带HBsAg数，计算海南省慢性携带者转患慢性乙肝、肝硬化、肝癌相关病例的发生数、发生率。按乙肝病例医疗成本调查表调查乙肝慢性病人、肝硬化和肝癌患者治疗费用。运用成本一效益分析方法计算新生儿接种乙肝疫苗成本、效益。运用失能调整生命年计算其疾病负担作为效用指标。结果海南省2003年将乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划后，2004—2009年6年内共减少HBsAg阳性携带者为94090人，慢性乙肝病例9409人，肝硬化病例941人，肝癌病例94人。新生儿接种乙肝疫苗总成本为0．159亿元，获得的总效益为81．18亿元，成本一效益比为1：511元：减少慢性乙肝病人、肝硬化、原发性肝癌病人的总疾病负担为127945个失能调整寿命年（DALY），挽回1个DALY的成本为113．50元。结论将乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划是一项低成本，高效益的公益事业，在降低乙肝感染率的同时能降低肝硬化、肝癌的患病率，有效保护人类健康。Ahn To analyze the cost-benefit of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation in infants in Hainan. Methods The data of hepatitis B vaccine immunization project in infants under age of 5 years carried out in Hainan from 2004~2009 were collected and the cost-benefit of vaccination was calculated and the incidence of chronic hepatitis B ,cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma were also surveyed. Results It was estimated there 94 090 HBsAg positives, 9 409 chronic hepatitis B cases,941 cirrhosis cases and 94 hepatic carcinoma cases were reduced. The total cost of hepatitis B vaccine for infants was RMB15.9 million yuan and the total benefit was RMB8.118 billion yuan with a cost/benefit ratio of 1：511 yuan and a 127 945 DALY was reduced. Conclusion HBV vaccination program is a public benefit undertaking with low cost but high effectiveness,it not only can reduce incidence of hepatitis B virus infection, cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma, but also protect the health of the residents.

关 键 词：新生儿 接种 乙肝疫苗 成本 效益 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]