亚洲玉米螟抗寒及低温生存对策  

Cold hardiness and the strategies of Ostrinia furnacalis survival at supercooled temperature

作　　者：张洪刚[1] 鲁新[2] 何康来[1] 王振营[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所,公主岭136100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2010年第5期398-402,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家“973”项目(2010CB951503);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A16-3)

摘　　要：为了明确亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guen e)的抗寒及低温生存对策,分别测定了来自吉林省的敦化一化型(DH1)、公主岭一化型(GZL1)、公主岭二化型(GZL2)和洮南二化型(TN2)4个亚洲玉米螟滞育幼虫田间种群的过冷却点和结冰点,以及各种群经超过冷却低温处理后的存活率及滞育后发育历期等。结果显示,亚洲玉米螟滞育幼虫的过冷却点为-28.5^-27.0℃,最低个体可达-36.4℃,不同种群间存在显著差异,以GZL1最低,其次是TN2和DH1,GZL2最高。在超过冷却点低温下,各种群的存活率分别为45.6%、58.8%、41.8%和58.3%,且GZL1和TN2显著高于DH1和GZL2,在超过冷却低温处理下存活的幼虫其滞育后发育历期与未经过处理的同种群对照间没有显著差异。这表明亚洲玉米螟具有很强的过冷却能力,同时还具有很强的耐结冰能力。Ostrinia furnacalis（Guenée） overwinters as diapausing larva in northern China.The survival of overwintering larvae affects the first generation population density of next year.Cold hardiness of diapausing overwintering larvae plays an important role in their overwintering survival.The cold hardiness of diapausing larvae of 4 field populations from Jilin Province,i.e.Dunhua univoltine（DH1）,Gongzhuling univoltine（GZL1）,Gongzhuling bivoltine（GZL2）,and Taonan bivoltine（TN2）,were measured by exposing testing their supercooling point（SCP） and freezing point（FP）.Cold tolerance was measured by testing the survival of diapausing larvae at supercooled temperature.The results showed that the SCPs of O.furnacalis varied from-28.5℃ to-27.0℃,the lowest SCPs of individual could be as low as-36.4℃.There were significant differences in SCPs among the four populations.GZL1 performed the lowest SCP,whereas GZL2 performed the highest.The survival of diapausing larvae at supercooled low sub-zero temperature-40℃ were 45.6%,58.8%,41.8%,and 58.3% for GZL1,TN2,DH1,and GZL2 populations,respectively.There was not significant difference in larvae survival of supercooled populations and that of non-supercooled original population at post-diapausing developmental stage.These results suggested that O.furnacalis diapausing larva populations could take advantage of supercooling,and part of them also perform freeze tolerance,indicating that O.furnacalis performed two strategies for survival at low temperature in diapause overwintering larvae,which were freeze avoidance and freeze tolerance.

关 键 词：亚洲玉米螟 滞育 过冷却点 抗寒性 低温生存对策 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]