6种豆科牧草叶片解剖性状与抗旱性关系研究  

Leaf Anatomic Indexes and the Relations with Drought Resistance of the Six Forage of Leguminosae

作　　者：李鸿雁[1] 李志勇[1] 师文贵[1] 李兴酉[1] 刘磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所农业部沙尔沁牧草资源重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第10期1989-1994,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑(2008BADB3B01);农业部农作物种质资源保护与利用项目(NB09-2130135-8);牧草种质资源保护项目(牧草温带备份库的维护与备份繁殖入库2009-13)

摘　　要：以百脉根、二色胡枝子、黄花苜蓿、紫花苜蓿、野火球和扁蓿豆6种豆科牧草的成熟叶片为材料,采用石蜡制片法和光学显微技术测定了叶片上表皮厚度、叶片下表皮厚度、叶片厚度、维管束直径、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、栅海比、叶片栅栏组织结构紧密度和叶片海绵组织结构疏松度等抗旱相关的解剖结构特征参数,并进行统计分析和抗旱性综合评价。结果表明:除栅海比外,6种豆科牧草的其他指标均表现出显著或极显著的种间差异,并以叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度变化幅度较大;叶片上表皮厚度、叶片下表皮厚度、叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度之间呈极显著正相关和显著正相关,相关系数在0.84～0.99之间;各解剖结构特征参数的第3个主成分(贮水能力)的特征值为14.52,累计贡献率达95.71%,前3个主因子基本上能概括9个指标的主要信息;6种豆科牧草的综合抗旱能力表现为扁蓿豆>百脉根>黄花苜蓿>二色胡枝子>紫花苜蓿>野火球。可见,所选9个叶片解剖结构性状可以用来有效综合评价豆科牧草的抗旱性。Aged leaves of Lotus corniculatus L.,Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.,Medicago falcata L.,Medicago sativa,Trifolium lupinaster L.and Medicago ruthenica were produced by paraffin method.The anatomical structure of drought-related parameters including thickness of the upper cuticle,thickness of the low cuticle,leaves thickness,thickness of palisade tissue,thickness of spongy tissue,diameter of the vascular bundle,ratio between palisade tissue to spongy tissue,tightness of leaves palisade tissue structure and looseness of leaves sponge tissue structure were investigated.They were measured by using optical microscopy,and carried on the statistical analysis and synthetic evaluation of the drought resistance to them.The results showed that there were significantly or highly significantly different except for ratio between thickness of the palisade tissue and thickness of the spongy tissue had highly significantly positive correlation and significantly positive correlation,with correlation coefficient ranged from 0.84 to 0.99;Principle components analysis showed that the eigenvalue of the third principle component was 14.52,accumulative rate was 95.71%.The first three principle factors could generalize the main information of 9 characters;The capability of drought resistance of the six forage of Leguminosae were Medicago ruthenicaLotus corniculatus L.Medicago falcata L.Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.Medicago sativaTrifolium lupinaster L..Comparison of anatomical characteristics of leaves,the selected 9 traits can be used as indicators of morphological anatomy of the drought resistance of Leguminosae forage.

关 键 词：豆科牧草 叶片解剖性状 抗旱性 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]