新疆城镇发展与交通可达性相互影响  

The Relationship between Urban Development and Transport Accessibility in Xinjiang

作　　者：朱兵[1,2] 张小雷[1] 桂东伟[1,2] 雷军[1] 董雯[1] 王伯礼[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2010年第10期1239-1248,共10页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071113)

摘　　要：城镇发展与交通可达性密切相关,探讨二者作用机制有助于深入了解区域发展状况。本文根据新疆1979-2008年间城镇及交通发展数据,利用新古典主义增长理论建立回归模型,并结合GIS空间分析方法,定量分析了改革开放以来新疆城镇发展与城镇交通可达性格局演变特征及二者相互作用关系。研究结果表明,新疆城镇发展区域差异明显,两极分化严重,其中北疆好于南疆,东部优于西部;城镇交通可达性在时间尺度上以1997年为分界点,前20年增长缓慢,后10年急剧提高;交通可达性空间格局以天山南北坡中段最高,向外围呈递减趋势。城镇发展与城镇交通可达性关系方面,城镇交通可达性水平对城镇发展制约严重,其变化对城镇发展边际影响递减;城镇发展对城镇交通可达性正向影响明显,城镇发展水平越高或城镇发展速度越快,城镇交通可达性改善越明显。Urban development is closely related to transport accessibility.To analyze their relationship and effecting mechanism is beneficial to the deep understanding of regional development.In this paper,based on the data about the urban system and highway networks during recent 30 years in Xinjiang,the growth theory of neoclassicism is used to establish a regression model,and the special analysis methods of GIS are applied to analyze the changes of cities and transport accessibility and their relationship after reform and opening in Xinjiang.The study is important for us to grasp the law of interrelation,to promote the dynamic optimization between the urban system and highway networks,to promote the level and efficiency of the resource sharing,and to expedite regional development.The results indicate that urban development has an obvious regional character.The urban development in Northern Xinjiang is better than that in the Southern Xinjiang,and that of the east is better than that of the west.The year 1997 was the dividing point on the development of transport accessibility,and there was a sharp increasing development after the slow growth before 1997.The spatial pattern of transport accessibility is that the north-south slopes of Tianshan have the best transport accessibility,and then it decreases to the periphery.There are some relationships between transport accessibility and urban development.The first is that urban development is seriously restricted by its transport accessibility,and the changes of transport accessibility will diminish the marginal effects of urban development.The second is that urban development has a positive effect on transport accessibility.Faster speed or bigger comprehensive strength of urban development will promote the development of transport accessibility.

关 键 词：城镇发展 可达性 增长回归模型 新疆 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]