正向渗透工艺及其在水处理中的应用  

Forward osmosis and its application to water treatment

作　　者：罗南[1] 王捷[1,2] 张宏伟[1,2] 张燕[1] 何玉倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院。天津300160 [2]天津工业大学中空纤维膜材料与膜过程教育部重点实验室,天津300160

出　　处：《工业水处理》2010年第10期10-13,29,共5页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07314-003);国家自然科学青年基金(50908161);天津市科技创新专项资金项目(06FZZDSH00900)

摘　　要：正向渗透(FO)是水分子透过选择性半透膜从化学势高的一侧扩散到化学势低的一侧的渗透过程,它以膜两侧不同溶液的浓度差为驱动力。在正向渗透膜分离过程中,为维持提取液渗透压的稳定,需浓缩回用提取液(DS)。在众多水处理领域,尤其在废水处理领域、饮水净化及海水淡化方面,正向渗透工艺更是得到了广泛的研究和应用。正向渗透过程的低能耗、低膜污染是未来膜分离技术发展的趋势。Forward osmosis（FO） is the osmosizing process of water molecules from one side with higher chemical potential to the other side with lower chemical potential,through the selective semi-permeable membrane.The concentration difference of the different solutions on the two sides of the membrane has been used as driving power.In order to keep the osmosis pressure of the draw solution（DS） stable,it is more important to concentrate and recycle the draw solution during the process of separating the forward osmosis membranes.Nowadays,FO has been researched on its application to many engineering fields,especially to wastewater treatment,water purification,and seawater desalination.The low energy consumption and low membrane fouling in FO process will be the developing trend of the membrane separating process.

关 键 词：正向渗透 提取液 废水处理 饮水净化 海水淡化 

分 类 号：X730.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]