西南丘陵山区坡耕地水平梯田工程设计分析  

On Level Terrace Engineering Design of Slope Land in the Hilly and Mountainous,Southwestern China

作　　者：范玉芳[1] 罗友进[1] 魏朝富[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《山地学报》2010年第5期560-565,共6页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD05801)~~

摘　　要：坡耕地改梯田是坡耕地治理的一项重要工程措施,也是建设生态农业和实现农业机械化的重要内容之一。以重庆市三峡库区土地开发整理移土培肥工程万州区龙都街道等13个街道(镇、乡)土地整理项目的坡改梯工程为例,分析了岩层倾角、厚度和岩性与坡耕地形成和利用的关系,探讨了基于岩层分析的坡改梯设计方案。同时,为了避免实践中典型田块选取的主观性,采用数字高程模型(DEM)的坡度分析作为研究区坡度分析方法。结果表明:在5°以下的缓坡地、5°～15°的中坡地、15°～25°的陡坡地,设计田面宽度分别在19～30m、8～20m、7～10m范围内,从而既能适应机耕和灌溉,又能最大限度地节省土石方量。由于石坎与田面的非整体性,在满足抗滑移稳定和地基承载力的要求下,1.8m高石坎需砌筑一轮30cm×30cm×100cm的丁字石,同时通过占地分析发现,条石坎占地损失远远少于块石坎。The transformation of slope land into terrace is one of important engineering measures in slope land governance,and is one of important aspects of eco-agriculture building and achievement of agricultural mechanization.Taking engineering of the transformation of slope land into terrace of the land consolidation program of Longdu town et al.,Wanzhou District,Chongqing Municipality of Transferring Topsoil and Cultivating Fertility Project in Three Gorges area as an example,the relationships between strata obliquity,bed thickness lithological characters and the formation utilization of slope land were analyzed in the study area,and the design of the transformation of slope land into terrace was further discussed based on the analysis of rock stratum.At the same time,digital elevation model（DEM）was used to study change of slope,so that the subjectivity of choosing representative farm lands could be avoided.The results showed that：with slope of 0°~5°,5°~15°,15°~25°,field width was in range of 19~30 m、8~20 m、7~10 m,respectively,which could not only be to adapt to mechanical tillage and irrigation,but also to decrease the amount of earthworks farthest.What is more,due to non-entirety of field surface and stone dike,T-shaped stones of 30 cm × 30 cm × 100 cm were of masonry for stone dikes of 1.8 m,in order to meet the need of the anti-gliding stability and bearing capacity of foundation soil.Meanwhile,land occupation ratio of boulder strip dikes is far less than that of dimension stone dikes by comparative analysis.

关 键 词：岩层 DEM 水平梯田 

分 类 号：S284[农业科学—农业水土工程] S29[农业科学—农业工程]