毒死蜱和丙溴磷对鲫鱼的毒性效应及其在鱼体中的富集  

Toxic Effect and Bioconcentration of Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in Crucian Carp(Carassius auratus)

作　　者：夏锦瑜[1,2] 王冬兰[1] 张志勇[1] 余向阳[1] 黄东林[2] 刘贤进[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院食品质量安全与检测研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2010年第5期1088-1092,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"支撑计划项目(2006BAK02A04);江苏省社会发展基金项目(BS2007096)

摘　　要：为评价毒死蜱和丙溴磷的环境生态风险,采用半静态法,测定这2种农药对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)的急性毒性,以及在1/40、1/20和1/10 96 h-LC50值的作用剂量下持续暴露14 d和在清水中恢复7 d,对鲫鱼脑部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性的影响(慢性毒性效应)。利用气相色谱法测定鲫鱼肌肉、鳃、肝脏中2种农药的富集量。毒死蜱和丙溴磷对鲫鱼的96 h-LC50分别为0.184 9 mg/L和0.192 9 mg/L。在1/10 96 h-LC50值的作用剂量下连续暴露14 d,毒死蜱和丙溴磷对鲫鱼脑部AChE的活性抑制率分别为95.36%和93.61%,而对CarE的活性抑制率分别为76.07%和83.03%。在清水中恢复饲养7 d后,酶活性均有不同程度的恢复。此外,在鲫鱼组织器官中均检测到2种农药,且富集量都表现为肝脏>鳃>肌肉,其中,毒死蜱较易在鱼体内富集。Toxic effect and bio-concentration of chlorpyrifos and profenofos in crucian carp（Carassius auratus） was studied for providing a theoretical basis for environmental and ecological risk assessment.The acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos and profenofos was measured with semi-static system.The activities of acetylcholinesterase（AChE） and carboxylesterase（CarE） in crucian carp brain were detected after chronic exposure at sublethal concentrations（1/40,1/20,1/10 of 96 h-LC50） to chlorpyrifos and profenofos.The bioconcentrations of the two pesticides in fish were investigated by gas chromatography as well.The results showed that the 96 h-LC50 values of chlorpyrifos and profenofos were 0.184 9 mg/L and 0.192 9 mg/L,respectively.When the concentrations of the pesticides were 1/10 of 96 h-LC50 and exposed for 14 d,the inhibition of chlorpyrifos and profenofos with the concentration of 1/10 of 96 h-LC50 against AChE activities in crucian carp brain were 95.36% and 93.61% respectively,while the inhibitions against CarE were 76.07% and 83.03%,respectively.The activities of AChE and CarE all different levels after the fish was exposed in water for 7 d.In addition,tissue bioaccumulation order of the pesticides was livergillmuscle.And chlorpyrifos was more likely to enrich in tissue than profenofos.

关 键 词：毒死蜱 丙溴磷 乙酰胆碱酯酶 羧酸酯酶 生物富集 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]