暗纹东方鲀应激胀气行为功能形态学观察  

Functional morphology of puffing behavior in pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus)

作　　者：赵爽[1] 宋佳坤[1] 王晓杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物系统和神经科学研究所,上海201306

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2010年第5期539-549,共11页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970365);上海市重点学科建设资助项目(S30701);上海海洋大学博士启动基金;上海市优青专项科研基金

摘　　要：该文以四齿鲀科(Tetraodontidae)的暗纹东方鲀(Takifugu obscurus)为对象,采用形态学解剖、X光透视和骨骼神经染色等方法,对其胀气行为的功能形态学进行研究。其结果发现,暗纹东方鲀腹部受到刺激后,口腔小幅高频将水或空气吞咽进入由食道腹壁特化成的气囊里,气囊与消化道的前后结合处由括约肌控制,腹壁肌呈束状,与此同时,高弹性的皮肤、脊柱和神经都会发生相应的位移变化,以保证胀气行为的快速完成。通过对暗纹东方鲀胀气行为及其吸、排水机制的深入了解,为进一步研究胀气行为的神经机理奠定基础,也将会丰富动物警戒逃避行为的理论。As a defensive behavior of escaping from the predators, sudden inflating （＂puffing＂） has been found in all members of the pufferfish sister taxa Diodontidae and Tetraodontidae. However, the mechanism of inflation is largely unknown. To further understand the inflation behavior of Tetraodontidae, morphological dissection, X-ray and staining methods were conducted to investigate morphological variations and functional adaptation during the inflation in Takifugu obscurus. The results indicated that after receiving stimulation, Takifugu obscurus quickly and frequently swallows water or/and air into the flexible but tough sac, which is a distinct portion of the specialized esophagus. For adapting the inflation, the anterior and posterior joints of the sac and the digestive duct are tightened by special musculature; and the structure and arrangement of the skin of the body, as well as the abdomen muscle bundles are particularly modified to be elasticated; more over, even the backbone and the nerve are ready for flexible positioning change. This study provides some important information about the inflation mechanism of the Takifugu obscurus in sucking and expelling water/air during the puffing behavior, which would be helpful to further understand the neural control mechanism of pufferfish inflation.

关 键 词：暗纹东方鲀 胀气行为 气囊 功能形态学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]