华南秋、冬、春季水汽输送特征及其与降水异常的联系  

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH RAINFALL IN SOUTH CHINA IN NORTHERN AUTUMN, WINTER AND SPRING

作　　者：李秀珍[1] 梁卫[1] 温之平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学季风与环境研究中心,大气科学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2010年第5期626-632,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730951);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421404)共同资助

摘　　要：华南秋、冬、春季水汽输送特征的季节差异明显,水汽输送异常与降水异常存在密切联系,利用1958—2005年实测降水资料及NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料,探讨了华南秋、冬、春三季的水汽特征及其与降水异常的关系,主要结论有:大气中的水汽主要集中在500 hPa以下气层中,最大值出现在850～700 hPa;输送至华南的水汽秋季主要来源于孟加拉湾及副热带西太平洋,冬季主要来源于青藏高原南侧的东亚南支偏西风气流,春季则主要来源于东亚南支偏西风气流及热带西太平洋海区;华南秋、冬、春三季的降水偏多和偏少年的水汽输送距平场,并不是单纯的反向关系或主要输送带的偏强和偏弱,而是更为复杂;El Nio成熟期菲律宾附近的反气旋环流异常、冬季风的强度异常都是导致水汽输送异常的重要原因。The main characteristics of the atmospheric water vapor and its relationship with rainfall in South China in boreal autumn,winter,spring are investigated by using the observed precipitation data and the monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1958 to 2005.The results show that the atmospheric water vapor is mainly concentrated on the layer below 500hPa,while the maximum shows up on the 850-700hPa layer.Climatically,the vapor over South China mainly comes from the Bay of Bengal and the subtropical western Pacific Ocean in autumn,from the southern westerly in winter,from the southern westerly and tropical western Pacific Ocean in spring.The anomalous water vapor transport in rainless and rainy years is not just out-of-phase,but actually more complex.The anticyclonic wind anomaly in the lower troposphere around the Philippines in the El Nino mature phase and the abnormal winter monsoon are one of the causes for the anomalous water vapor transport.

关 键 词：华南 水汽输送 降水异常 水汽收支 水汽通量散度 

分 类 号：P434.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]