近岸海域海面风速分布的预测方法研究  

A method of wind velocity distribution above the sea surface in near-shore waters

作　　者：倪志辉[1] 吴立春[2] 宋志尧[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学西南水运工程科学研究所,重庆400016 [2]重庆教育学院,重庆400062 [3]虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京师范大学,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2010年第5期547-552,共6页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：水利部公益性项目(200701026);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50339010)

摘　　要：针对近岸海上风速观测比较困难,应用近岸海域流速垂直分布的理论模式和采用枚举法结合最小二乘法,通过实测流速分离,提出了一种新的近岸海面分速分布预测方法。并首先对实验室风生流实验和长江口北支河段的风速进行了检验性计算,获得了比较满意的结果。然后应用于长江口南支河段及口外实测流速的分离,实测流速分离后,不仅可获得海面风流速,用于估算作用于海表面10m的风速数据,而且还可从中得到海表面的摩擦风速。据此,结合对数风速分布可以对海面低空的风速分布进行预测。初步研究表明,此方法原理简单、过程合理、结果可信,是一种适用于现场资料分析计算的有效方法。It is difficult to observe the wind velocity above sea surface in near-shore marine.Based on the theoretical velocity distribution of the current,a method to predict wind velocity distribution above the sea surface by use of the least square method combination of enumeration is advanced,through the separation of the measured flow velocity.Firstly,for verification of its value,this method is applied to the velocity data observed from the North Branch of Yangtze River estuary and laboratory test data.All the results are satisfactory.Then,it is applied to the South Branch of Yangtze River estuary.By use of this method,not only is the surface velocity of wind induced current obtained,for estimating the wind velocity above the water surface,but also is the friction wind velocity determined.Finally,by combination of the logarithmic distribution of wind,the distribution in low layers over the sea surface is predicted.The research results show that this method is simple in principle,rational in process and credible in result.So the method is an effective way to analyze and calculate the field data.

关 键 词：近岸海域 海面风速 摩擦风速 最小二乘法 对数风速分布 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]