塔里木盆地中南部麻扎塔格逆冲-褶皱带变形特征及其意义  

Deformation features of the Mazartagh fold-thrust belt,south central Tarim Basin and its tectonic significances

作　　者：潘家伟[1,2] 李海兵[1,2] 孙知明[3] 裴军令[3] 司家亮[1,2] Laurie Barrier Jerome Van Der Woerd] 邱祝礼[1,2] 吴富峣[1,2] 张丽军[6] 

机构地区：[1]国土资源部大陆动力学重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [4]Laboratoire de Tectonique, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France 75252 [5]Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France 67084 [6]河北工程技术高等专科学校水利系,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《地质科学》2010年第4期1038-1056,共19页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：中石化项目“塔里木盆地及周缘的动态演化与油气资源前景”(编号:YPH08110);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号:1212010610105)资助

摘　　要：麻扎塔格地区地层、地貌及构造变形特征的研究,对于认识塔里木盆地新生代构造演化过程、塔里木—西昆仑的盆山耦合关系、新构造运动对塔里木油气资源分布的影响以及塔克拉玛干沙漠的气候、环境变化都具有重要意义。本文通过卫星照片解译、野外变形观察、剖面实测、地球物理资料解释等手段,对该地区晚新生代的构造特征进行了研究,确定了麻扎塔格构造带为典型的逆冲—褶皱带,并探讨了麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带的构造指向、活动时限、隆升速率及缩短速率、东西方向的延伸等问题,取得如下认识:1)麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带为西昆仑山前陆褶皱冲断带的前缘部位,和田河气田就是处在逆冲前锋背斜顶部,晚新生代变形作用已明显地改造了塔里木盆地南部及中部的古生代和中生代构造,并促成了和田河气田的形成;2)麻扎塔格山在中新世末(约7 Ma)和中更新世(约780 ka B.P.)经历了两次构造隆升,后一次形成了麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带和麻扎塔格山现今的地貌特征;3)估算出麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带中更新世以来的隆升速率约为0.26～0.4 mm/a,缩短速率约为0.9 mm/a;4)认为麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带向西应与同属西昆仑山前褶皱—冲断带前缘的喀什背斜相连,东端的突然消失可能是由于东段和田河附近存在北东—南西向的走滑断层造成。Study on stratum,geomorphology, and tectonic deformation in Mazartagh area is significant for understand questions such as the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Tarim Basin, the relationship between Tarim Basin and west Kunlun Mountain, the influence of neotectonic activities on the redistribution of oil-gas resources, and changing of climate and environment in Taklimakan desert. Late Cenozoic structural features in this area were studied thoroughly based on interpretation of satellite images, observation of field deformation, surveying of geological section, and interpretation of geophysical data. The tectonic orientation, time of origin, uplift rate and shortening rate, and stretch of the Mazartagh fold-thrust belt was also discussed here. The main conclusions are as bellow ： 1 ） Based on the analysis of regional geomorphology, surface deformation, and geophysical data,the Mazartagh fold-thrust belt was considered to be the frontier of the foreland fold-thrust belts of the west Kunlun Mountain. The Hetian River gas field ,which located in the crest of the frontier thrust belt, was formed under the promotion of the Late Cenozoic tectonic deformation, which reform the tectonics of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic in the southern and central Tarim Basin; 2）The Mazartagh Mountain had experienced two tectonic uplift events, which were at the end of Miocene （about 7 Ma）and from Middle- Pleistocene（about 780 ka B. P. ） respectively. The late one caused the formation of Mazartagh fold-thrust belt and present geomorphology of Mazartagh Mountain ; 3） Uplift rate and shortening rate of Mazartagh fold-thrust belt since middle Pleistocene were estimated to be 0.26- 0.4 mm/a and 0.9 mm/a respectively; 4）The Mazartagh fold-thrust belt should be linked to Kashi Anticline, which is also the frontier of the foreland fold-thrust belt of the west Kunlun Mountain,to the west. There might be a strike slip fault in the eastern end of the Mazartagh Mountain, near the Hetian Rive,which strike in a NE-SW direction and cause

关 键 词：逆冲-褶皱带 构造地貌 隆升与缩短 麻扎塔格 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]