长江和黄浦江原水、不同处理工艺及管网水中受控三卤甲烷和卤乙酸的生成变化  

Formation and changes of regulated trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in raw water of Yangtze River, Huangpu River and different treatment processes and pipelines network

作　　者：陈鑫[1] 张东[2] 陆殷昊[1] 郑唯韡[1] 吴雨欣[2] 韦霄[1] 田大军[1] 王霞[1] 张皓[1] 郭帅[1] 蒋颂辉[1] 屈卫东[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032 [2]城市水资源开发利用(南方)国家工程研究中心

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2010年第10期893-898,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30771770）;国家科技支撑计划（2006BAI19B02）;上海市曙光计划（07SG01）

摘　　要：目的 研究黄浦江和长江原水、水厂各处理工艺水和出厂水中受控消毒副产物三卤甲烷（THMs）和卤乙酸（HAAs）污染水平及其在管网输配过程中的变化趋势.方法 分别采集以黄浦江为水源的A水厂和长江为水源的B、C水厂的原水、不同处理过程水和出厂水以及相应主输水管网中6个国家监测点的水样各2份,每份65 ml,采用气相色谱法测定水样中受控THMs与HAAs的污染水平.结果 A水厂各处理工艺水中总三卤甲烷（THM4）浓度范围为未检出～9.64 μg/L,以二氯一溴甲烷最高,为6.43 μg/L;B、C水厂中THM4浓度范围为未检出～38.06 μg/L,出厂水中分别以二溴一氯甲烷（12.24 μg/L）和溴仿（14.07 μg/L）浓度最高.除A水厂三氯乙酸来自原水外,各水厂其他HAAs均来自处理过程;A水厂各工艺点总卤乙酸（HAA6）浓度范围为3.21～22.97 μg/L,以一溴乙酸浓度最高,为10.40 μg/L;B、C水厂HAA6浓度范围为未检出～27.18 μg/L,均以二溴乙酸浓度最高,分别为8.25、8.84 μg/L.主输水管网中THM4浓度以水厂C最高,浓度范围为21.11～30.18 μg/L;水厂A最低,浓度范围为6.72～8.51 μg/L;主输水管网中HAA6浓度以水厂A最高,浓度范围为25.02～37.31 μg/L,而水厂C最低,浓度范围为18.69～23.32μg/L.B、C水厂中溴系副产物最高浓度分别为54.57、45.38 μg/L,高于A水厂溴系副产物的最高浓度（18.98 μg/L）,且高于各自水厂中氯系副产物的最高浓度（分别为30.23、30.60 μg/L）.结论 黄浦江水处理后的出厂水中THMs浓度低于长江水出厂水,而HAAs浓度高于以长江水为水源的出厂水.管网输配过程中THMs和HAAs浓度波动不大.Objectives To investigate the pollutant levels of regulated disinfection by-products trihalomethanes （THMs） and haloacetic acids （HAAs） in raw water from the Huangpu River,the Yangtze River and different treatment processes and finished water, and to explore the changes tendency in transmission and distribution pipeline network. Methods A total of 65 ml water samples with two replicates were collected from different raw water, corresponding treatment processes, finished water and six national surveillance points in main network of transmission and distribution,water source for A water plant and B, C water plant was the Huangpu River and the Yangtze River, respectively. Regulated THMs and HAAs above water samples were detected by gas chromatography. Results The total trihalomethanes （THM4）concentration in different treatment processes of A water plant was ND - 9.64 μg/L, dichlorobromomethane was the highest （6.43 μg/L）. The THM4 concentration in B and C water plant was ND to 38.06 μg/L,dibromochloromethane （ 12.24 μg/L） and bromoform （ 14.07 μg/L） were the highest in the B and the C water plant respectively. In addition to trichloroacetic acid in A water plant from the raw water, the other HAAs came from different treatment processes. The total haloacetic acids （ HAA6 ） concentration of different treated processes in A water plant was 3.21 - 22.97 μg/L, mobromoacetic acid （ 10.40 μg/L） was the highest. Dibromoacetic acid was the highest both in B （8.25 μg/L） and C （8.84 μg/L） water plant,HAA6 concentration was ND to 27.18 μg/L. The highest and the lowest concentration of THM4 were found from the main distribution network of C and A water plant respectively, but the concentration of HAA6 in the main water pipes network of A water plant was the highest, and the lowest in C water plant The THMs concentration was 21.11 - 31.18 μg/L in C water plant and 6.72 - 8.51 μg/L in A water plant. The concentration of HAA6 was 25.02 -37.31 μg/L in A water plant and 18.69 -23.3

关 键 词：水 水污染 气相色谱法 环境监测 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]