栝楼雌雄株形态、生理生化指标差异的研究  

Study on Morphological and Physiological & Biochemical Differences Between Male and Female Plants of Trichosanthes Kirilowii. Maxim

作　　者：曲超[1,2] 胡兰英 字肖萌[1] 孙宝启[1] 孙群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院植物遗传育种学系/农业部基因组学与遗传改良重点实验室/北京市作物遗传改良重点实验室,北京100193 [2]中国专利信息中心,北京100088 [3]北京市海淀园林工程设计所,北京100080

出　　处：《种子》2010年第10期4-7,共4页Seed

基　　金：国家科技攻关课题(2001BA701A59);国家科技支撑计划(2006BA106A15)

摘　　要：通过对栝楼雌雄株花器形态特征的观察,发现雌花子房在雌花分化初始即开始膨大,明显区别于雄花;18%的雌花中具有花药,但扫描电镜观察发现雌花花药中并不含有花粉,排除了其自花授粉的可能。花期雌雄株叶片在水溶性酚和可溶性糖含量上存在显著差异。通过对种子大小与性别的关系研究,发现同一批种子中,长成雄株的种子比例远高于长成雌株的种子比例,且种子重量与栝楼性别分化存在一定的相关性。研究结果对于筛选栝楼早期性别鉴定指标具有重要的参考价值。Through morphological observation,the female plants flower of Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maxim was founded that its ovary began to inflate in the initial flower differentiation,it was obviously different from the male flowers.18% of the female flowers had anthers,but no pollen was founded in female flower anthers by scanning electron microscope,which ruled out the possibility of self-pollination.Through comparison,difference in water-soluble phenol and soluble sugar content between male and female flowering plants leaves was founded.The relationship between seed size and gender was studied in this paper,the result showed that the number of seeds growing into male plants were much more than that of growing into female plants in a seed batch,and seed sex had a certain relevance with seed weight.The aboved results were a important reference value for screening indicators of early sex identification.

关 键 词：栝楼 性别鉴定 形态 生理生化 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]