塞罕坝地区几种林下枯落物持水特性研究  

STUDY ON THE WATER-HOLDING OF DIFFERENT FOREST STANDS IN SAIHANBA FARM

作　　者：魏晓霞[1] 李良[2] 孙旭[2] 周梅[2] 翟洪波[1] 黄跃新 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]河北省塞罕坝机械林场,围场068466

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期41-45,共5页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家林业局重点科研项目"半干旱地区华北落叶松人工林可持续经营技术应用开发与试验示范"(2008-02)

摘　　要：本文对河北省塞罕坝地区4种不同林分下枯落物的储量、持水量、吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明:华北落叶松人工林枯落物储量最大(63.42 t.hm-2),其次为桦树林(32.63 t.hm-2)、云杉林(28.25 t.hm-2)、柞树林最小(17.66 t.hm-2)。4种林分枯落物最大持水量均是半分解层大于未分解层,未分解层最大持水量是其风干重的161%倍~380%倍,半分解层是其风干重的241%倍~386%倍;未分解层最大持水量的顺序为华北落叶松人工林>桦树林>柞树林>云杉林,半分解层为华北落叶松人工林>柞树林>桦树林>云杉林。各林分不同层次枯落物持水量与浸水时间按对数方程W=alnt+b增加,吸水速率与浸水时间按幂函数S=ktn递减,表现为0 h^1/2 h吸水速率较快,2 h^4 h之后吸水速率明显减慢趋于平缓,另外还反映出半分解层枯落物吸水更为持久的特性。The litter amount and the water holding capacity and the water absorption rate of four forest stands were studied.The results showed that the litter amount of Larix principis-rupprechtii was the largest（63.42 t·hm-2）,followed by betula platyphylla（32.63 t·hm-2）、picea asperata（28.25 t·hm-2）and quercus mongolica（17.66 t·hm-2）.The maximum water holding capacity of litter was half-decomposed litter〉undecomposed litter,the maximum water holding capacity of the undecomposed litter under the four forest stands was161%-380% of the litter＇s dry weight;And the half-decomposed was ranged from 241% to 386% of the litter＇s dry weight.The order of the maximum water holding capacity of the undecomposed litte was L.principis-rupprechtii〉 B.platyphylla 〉Q.mongolica〉P.asperata and the order of the maximum water holding capacity was L.principis-rupprechtii〉 Q.mongolica 〉 B.platyphylla〉P.asperata.The relation formula of the water holding capacity and immersion time was W=alnt＋b;The relation formula of the water absorption rates and immersion time was S=ktn.The water absorption rate was falling fast within the first half-hour,slowing down obviously after two or four hours.The half-decomposed litter also reflected a more durable character of the water absorption.

关 键 词：塞罕坝 枯落物 持水量 吸水速率 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]