饮用水处理工艺中NDMA的生成与去除特性研究  

Formation and Removal Characteristics of NDMA in Drinking Water Treatment Process

作　　者：覃操[1,2] 徐斌[1,2] 夏圣骥[1,2] 梁闯[1,2] 高乃云[1,2] 沈开源[1,2] 徐倩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2010年第21期16-20,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2008AA06Z302);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50708066;51078280);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07421-002)

摘　　要：对浙江某水厂各工艺单元出水中的二甲基亚硝胺（NDMA）浓度进行了检测，开展了氯化和氯胺消毒后NDMA生成潜能的研究，并探索了生成潜能与其他水质参数的相关性。结果表明，在预处理和常规处理工艺出水中未检出NDMA的条件下，经臭氧氧化后可生成NDMA，其浓度达到13．7ng／L；后续的生物活性炭工艺可去除部分NDMA，经加氯消毒后出厂水的NDMA为11．6ng／L；氯胺化的NDMA生成量约为氯化生成量的3～5倍，即出厂水采用氯胺消毒产生NDMA的风险更大；经深度处理后氯化和氯胺化的NDMA生成潜能可分别削减14．1％和8．8％，其中生物预处理工艺可有效去除NDMA的前体物；NDMA生成潜能与DOC、UV254、DON值之间均存在较好的相关性，其中与DON的相关系数可分别达到0．97和0．91，因此有效控制有机氮类化合物，可降低NDMA的生成风险。The concentrations of dimethylnitrosamine （NDMA） in water samples from water treat- ment processes in a waterworks in Zhejiang Province were determined, NDMA formation potentials （ND- MAFP） after chlorination and chloramination were studied, and the correlation between NDMAFP and other water quality parameters were investigated. The results show that NDMA is hardly detected in the samples from pretreatment and conventional treatment process, however it is detectable in the samples after ozonation with the concentration as high as 13.7 ng/L. NDMA can be removed by biological activated carbon process to some degree. However, it is presented in finished water with the concentration of 11.6 ng/L after chlorination. Since NDMAFP after chtoramination shows 3 to 5 times higher than that after chlorination, more concern should be focused on NDMA formation risk after chloramination. After advanced treatments, both NDMAFP after chlorination and chloramination can be reduced by 14.1% and 8.8% respectively. Among the treatment units, biological pretreatment shows the best removal efficiency of NDMA precursor. NDMAFP exhibits evident correlation to DOC, UV254 and DON, the correlation coefficients to DON are as high as 0.97 and 0.91 after chlorination and chloramination respectively. Therefore, the effective control of organic nitrogen compounds can reduce the risk of NDMA formation.

关 键 词：净水工艺 消毒副产物 二甲基亚硝胺 生成潜能 深度处理 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]