离子液体在膜分离过程中的应用研究进展  

Application of ionic liquids in membrane separation processes

作　　者：青格乐图[1] 刘平[1] 郭伟男[1] 王保国[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《化工进展》2010年第11期2019-2025,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20876086);国家863计划(2007AA05Z245);国家重点基础研究发展计划(国家973计划)(2010CB227202)资助项目

摘　　要：介绍了离子液体(ionic liquids)是由有机阳离子和有机或无机阴离子构成的、在室温或室温附近温度下呈液体状态的盐类,是新兴的可替代挥发性有机化合物的绿色溶剂。阐述了离子液体具有熔点低、不易燃、低挥发性(蒸气压接近于零)、高导电能力、电化学窗口宽、可调节性强等独特性质;在二氧化碳、二氧化硫等酸性气体以及苯、环己烷等有机溶剂分离过程中有广泛应用前景。同时,介绍了含有双键等可聚合基团的一类离子液体-聚离子液体[poly(ionic liquid)s,PILs]在二氧化碳吸收方面有特殊表现,指出聚离子液体与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)共混得到的薄膜材料具有高稳定性、高机械强度以及高电导率,对于缓解能源匮乏以及环境污染等具有重大意义。Ionic liquids（ILs）are organic salts generally composed of an organic cation and either an organic or inorganic anion with a low melting point（100 ℃）,low flammability,negligible vapor pressure,high ionic conductivity,wide electrochemical window and broad adjustable properties.In the past two decades,ionic liquids have been widely used as ＂green solvents＂ replacing traditional organic solvents for gas separation and supported liquid membrane.Polymerizable ionic liquis（PILs）are a class of ionic liquids that contain polymerizable groups such as carbon-carbon double bond.Solid polymerized ionic liquids were found to absorb carbon dioxide with a higher absorption capacity at a much faster absorption rate than room-temperature ionic liquids.We have prepared ion conductive membrane with high stability,high strength and high conductivity by using the blend of PVDF and PILs.Ionic liquids provided a new development platform for researches in mitigation of energy shortages and environmental pollutions.

关 键 词：离子液体 气体分离 支撑液膜 溶剂分离 聚离子液体 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]