湖南省郴州市1990-2009年狂犬病流行病学特征及流行因素分析  

Analyze on Epidemic Characteristics and Epidemic Factors of Human Rabies from 1990 to 2009 in Chenzhou City Hunan Province

作　　者：陈伟华[1] 刘晓峰[1] 何清懿[1] 周虹[1] 姚令辉[1] 何兢[1] 

机构地区：[1]郴州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南423000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2010年第10期900-903,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的分析湖南省郴州市狂犬病流行特征和流行因素,揭示狂犬病疫情回升原因,为控制疫情提供科学依据。方法流行病学个案调查,监测资料和疫情资料分析。结果 1990-2009年郴州市共报告狂犬病494例,发病率在0.02/10万~1.22/10万之间,1990年以来狂犬病发病数总体呈上升趋势,2001年达到高峰,2002-2007年发病数维持在较高水平,2008年后有下降趋势。病例主要分布在桂阳、宜章、嘉禾、临武、安仁、永兴等6县,以儿童和农民为主,男性明显多于女性,全年均有病例发生,无明显季节性。结论养犬数增加而免疫接种率低,犬管理不当,暴露后规范处置率低和群众防病知识缺乏、防病意识不强是导致郴州市人间狂犬病疫情回升的主要原因,应采取针对性措施,遏制疫情回升趋势。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and epidemic factors of human rabies in Chenzhou city Hunan Province,and to explore the possible factors causing the increase of rabies cases so as to provide scientific evidence for controlling the epidemic.Method Data on the epidemic situation and individual cases of rabies in Chenzhou City from 1990 to 2009 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results From 1990 to 2009,the annual reported cases of rabies reached to 494 in Chenzhou City and the incidence rate was ranged from 0.02/10 million to 1.22/10 million.Since 1990,the overall incidence of rabies was rising and increased to the highest level in 2001,maintained a high level from 2002 to 2007.however decreased after 2008.The cases mainly distributed in 6 County,such as Guiyang,Yizhang,Jiahe,Linwu,Anren,Yongxing,etc.Children and farmers were major victims,and male cases were significantly more than female cases.The cases have occurred throughout the year,so there was no significant seasonal distribution.Conclusions Increasing number of dogs,low inoculation rate,mismanagement,inappropriate treatment to the wounds,limited health knowledge and poor sense of disease prevention in general public,all might be responsible for the recurrent increase of rabies.Therefore,it is necessary to take specific measures to curb the rising epidemic trend of human rabies.

关 键 词：狂犬病 流行特征 流行因素 发病率 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]