1961-2005年东北暴雨气候特征分析  

Characteristics of Rainstorm in Northeast China in 1961-2005

作　　者：邹立尧[1,2] 丁一汇[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044 [2]中国气象局培训中心,北京100081 [3]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2010年第5期1314-1321,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目"气象科学数据共享试点"(2005DKA31700-08-05);中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2008M12)共同资助

摘　　要：利用东北地区232站夏季（6-8月）逐日降水资料,分析了近45年（1961-2005年）东北地区暴雨的变化特征。结果表明,东北地区暴雨主要发生在辽宁东部地区,东北地区年平均大暴雨日数分布形态与暴雨日数基本一致。EOF分析表明,东北地区暴雨量大部分区域基本呈一致的变化,第二模态反映出东北地区暴雨量呈西北-东南的反向变化。暴雨主要分为4个分布形态：东北中部型、东北南部型、东北西北部型、东北东部型。东北大部分地区暴雨强度除黑龙江北部地区外均呈弱上升趋势（均没有通过0.05显著性水平检验）,在东北西北部地区暴雨强度上升趋势最为显著,为0.19 mm.（d.（10a）-1）-1;东北中部、东北南部、东北西北部在1990年代之后表现出暴雨强度增强的趋势。东北地区暴雨初日整体提前,而暴雨终日除东北中部地区延后外,其他地区均有所提前。在1987年之后东北地区暴雨发生的频率明显多于前期,其中东北西北部这种变化最为明显,其次是东北南部,东北东部变化最弱。Based on the daily precipitation data at 232 stations in Northeast China in summer（from June to August）,the characteristics of rainstorm in the recent 45 years were analyzed.The results show that the rainstorm in Northeast China mainly occurs in the eastern part of Liaoning Province and mean day numbers of rainstorm and heavy rainstorm have the same spatial patterns.The EOF results of rainstorm show the rainstorm amount in the most of regions has basically the same change.In the second EOF pattern the rainstorm amount in Northeast China has the reverse change in its northwest part and its southeast one.Rainstorm in Northeast China can be divided into four patterns： Central pattern of Northeast China,eastern pattern of Northeast China,northwestern pattern of Northeast China,southern pattern of Northeast China.In addition the rainstorm intensity shows the increasing trend after 1990s in Northeast China except for the northern Heilongjiang Province.The beginning dates of rainstorm are ahead of schedule as a whole same as ending dates.After 1987 the frequency of rainstorm has been more than that before one.Especially the changes in the northwest,the south and the east of Northeast China are decreasing in the order.

关 键 词：东北地区 暴雨 气候特征 EOF REOF 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]