陕西黄龙山自然保护区褐马鸡营巢生境  

Nest-Sites Selection of Brown Eared-Pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) in Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve

作　　者：李宏群[1,2] 廉振民[1] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,延安716000 [2]长江师范学院生命科学系,重庆408100

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第10期186-190,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：陕西省林业厅自然科学基金重点资助项目(08-0102)

摘　　要：繁殖是鸟类生活史中一个异常重要的环节,因为繁殖成功率直接影响种群动态和物种延续。繁殖生态学是鸟类保护生物学研究的重要内容（Luck,2002）。鸟巢是鸟类为生＂儿＂育＂女＂临时搭建的“家”，为鸟卵的发育和雏鸟的生长提供了适宜的微环境（张晓爱等，2006）。巢址质量的好坏可直接影响鸟类的繁殖成功率、雏鸟成活率，还可间接影响种群动态和群落组成（丁长青等，1997；王楠等，In this paper the nest-sites selection of brown eared-pheasant（Crossoptilon mantchuricum） was investigated in the Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve,Shaanxi,China,from April to June in 2006 and from June to July in 2007. A total of 22 nests were found in Beisi Mountains,among which 12（54. 55%,n = 22） were under cliff and big rock,4（18. 18%,n = 22） at the base of shrubs,4（18. 18%,n = 22） under fell trees and 2（9. 09%,n = 22） besides roots of trees. The mean clutch size of brown eared-pheasant was（9. 5 ± 2. 20）（n = 21,6 ～ 13） . This results showed that nests under cliff and big rock were mainly preferred by brown eared-pheasant. Eight nests were found in conifer forest,10 in broadleaf forest and 4 in conifer-broadleaf forest. By χ^2 test,conifer forest and broadleaf forest were favorite vegetation types used as nest-sites（χ^2 = 17. 123,df = 2,P = 0. 000 〈0. 05） . Compared with random plots,used sites were characterized by bigger coverage of shrub at height of 0. 5 m and 1 m,smaller coverage of shrub at height of 2 m and 〉2 m,smaller cover and bigger mean diameter of trees,bigger mean diameter and smaller density of shrubs,close to water source,edge of woods and trail,and steeper slope. Results of the stepwise discriminant analysis showed that coverage of shrub at height of 0. 5 m,cover of trees,distance to water source and coverage of shrub at height of 2 m were critically factors to discriminate the used sites and random plots.

关 键 词：褐马鸡 巢址 判别式分析 黄龙山 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]