水轮机过流部件材料的冲蚀磨损腐蚀及其交互作用  

Interaction Between Erosive-Wear and Corrosion of Alloy Materials for Hydroturbine in Hydroelectric Station

作　　者：鲍崇高[1] 高义民[1] 邢建东[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2010年第11期66-70,118,共6页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(59831030);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50572087)

摘　　要：通过对含沙水域水电站水轮机过流部件的4种典型材料(55钢、20SiMn、1Cr18Ni9Ti和0Cr13Ni5Mo)在冲蚀磨损过程中的电化学腐蚀及冲蚀磨损性能研究,区分出纯磨损、纯腐蚀、磨损对腐蚀的促进分量及腐蚀对磨损的促进分量在材料失效过程中各自所占的比例,考查了试验材料的冲蚀磨损特性以及磨损与腐蚀间的交互作用,分析了失效机制.结果表明:材料的冲蚀磨损质量损失率随冲蚀速度和浆料含沙量的增加而增大;冲蚀角在0°～45°范围内变化时,冲蚀磨损质量损失率随冲蚀角增大而增大,当冲蚀角超过45°后,质量损失率随冲蚀角增大而减小;在多泥沙冲蚀磨损条件下,材料纯磨损的质量损失占总质量损失的62%～92%,是材料破坏的主要方式,腐蚀是次要的;磨损对腐蚀的促进作用随冲蚀强度的增大而加强,其对材料流失的作用不可忽视.Four conventional types of steels, i.e. 55, 20SiMn, 1Gr18Ni9Ti, and 0Cr13Ni5Mo, used in slurry water regions were systematically investigated under different serving conditions to discover the erosion material loss process. And the interaction between corrosion and abrasion was quantitively analyzed with advanced electro-chemical measurement apparatus. The results show that the erosion rates of the tested materials increase with the increasing sand amount in water or with the increasing erosion speed. In high mud and slurry content circumstances, net ab- rasion amount accounts about 62%-92% of total weight loss. And the abrasion is the main wear mode, while corrosion is minor. The corrosion enhancement due to abrasion increases with the increasing erosion intensity, and such enhancement on the material loss cannot be neglected.

关 键 词：水轮机 冲蚀磨损 腐蚀 交互作用 

分 类 号：TG174.1[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]