三峡库区涪陵段夏季城市鸟类群落结构及多样性研究  

Study on Avian Community and Diversity of Urban Birds in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Fuling

作　　者：曹长雷[1] 韩宗先[1] 方平[1] 冉景胜[1] 吴少斌[1] 李宏群[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,重庆涪陵408100

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期149-155,共7页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市教委科研基金资助项目(KJ091304)

摘　　要：2009年7—8月采用样线法对三峡库区涪陵段主要城镇7种生境的鸟类群落结构进行了68次调查,共记录鸟类7目23科33种,数量2 182只,其中国家"三有"名录鸟类27种.鸟类区系以东洋界成分为主,广性分布型鸟类10种,城市鸟类的优势种5种,分别为白头鹎、麻雀、八哥、金腰燕、白颊噪鹛.物种多样性指数为2.498 9,均匀度指数为0.714 7,优势度指数为0.117 1.对不同生境鸟类群落特征分析结果表明:①校园的物种数、多样性指数以及均匀性指数均最大,工业区物种数和多样性指数最小,公园广场的均匀性最低;②工业区的优势度指数最大,鸟类群落最不稳定,而校园正好相反;③交通绿化带与相邻的居民区鸟类群落相似性最高,公园广场与农田相似性最低.The survey on urban bird community and diversity in main towns and 7 kinds of habitats of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（Fuling section） was conducted with the method of line transect census during July to August 2009.During 68 times survey,2 182 individuals of birds were recorded,belonging to 33 species,23 families and 7 orders.There are 27 species of profitable,economy and scientific research value birds protected nationally.The analysis about bird fauna suggested that the East-Asian Group species was dominant.10 species were widespread.The dominant species were Pycnonotus sinensis,Passer montanus,Acridotheres cristatellus,Hirundo daurica,Garrulax sannio.Diversity,evenness index and dominant extent of urban birds community were counted for 2.498 9,0.714 7and 0.117 1.The analysis on bird diversity of different habitats showed that ① the highest number of species,diversity index and evenness index of urban avian community were campus,and the lowest number of species and diversity were industrial estate,and the lowest evenness index was square and park;② the highest dominant extent was industrial estate,whose community was most instability,and campus was reverse;③ the highest similarity of bird community was between traffic virescence strips and residential area,and the lowest was between park and cropland.

关 键 词：三峡库区 城市鸟类 群落结构 干扰 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]