乌鲁木齐南郊亚花松萝重金属含量及其大气污染评价的研究  

Study of the Heavy Metal Content of Usnea Subfloridana and Assessment of the Air Pollution of Southern Suburb of Urumqi,Xinjiang

作　　者：卡哈尔.吾甫尔 阿孜古丽.玉苏甫 阿不都拉.阿巴斯[1] 艾尼瓦尔.吐米尔[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第9期1780-1785,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860003);新疆维吾尔自治区高等学校科学研究计划资助(XJEDU2007I04)

摘　　要：【目的】利用地衣评价乌鲁木齐南郊空气质量。枝状地衣对空气中的要害气体非常敏感,具有体内富集作用,近年来地衣广泛的应用在空气质量评价中。【方法】采用地衣移植方法,从乌鲁木齐南山八一林场选择亚花松萝,移植到乌鲁木齐南郊的红雁池电厂、新疆大学校园、乌鲁木齐市动物园和乌鲁木齐市人民公园等4个不同点。移植后1和3个月后别取样,应用电感耦合等离子光谱直读法对移植地衣体内的Al、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn等7种元素含量进行测定。【结果】亚花松萝体内被测定出的重金属元素种类和含量与移植时间之间存在显著性差异。随着地衣移植时间的延长被检测出的元素种类及含量明显增加,其中Al、Cr、Cu、Mn的含量在各移植点之间有显著性差异。【结论】亚花松萝重金属含量在生物评价乌鲁木齐南郊空气污染方面具有一定的研究价值。【Objective】Fruticous lichens are known to be very sensible to the air pollution and capable of accumulating heavy metals（HM） from soil and air.In recent years,lichens are widely applied in the assessment of air pollution.The main objective of the paper is to assess the air quality of the southern suburb of Urumqi city using lichens.【Method】Usnea subfloridana from August First tree farm were collected and transplanted to four different sites in southern suburb of Urumqi city,Xinjiang.Samples were taken after transplanting of one month and three months and seven elements were determined by means of inductive coupling plasma atomic emission spectroscopy（ICP-AES）.【Result】The result showed that there were significant difference between the types and amounts of heavy metals and the length of transplanted time.With the extension of the lichens＇ transplanted time,the number of the types of heay metal detected and their concentration increased obviously.Especially the concentration of the Al,Cr,Cu and Mn had changed significantly between different transplanted sites.【Conclusion】It has been proved that the variation in the heavy metal contents of Usnea subfloridana can be used as a valuable indicator for the assessment of the air quality of southern suburb of Urumqi city.

关 键 词：亚花松萝 重金属 大气污染 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]