滴灌条件下灌溉量和频率对杂交棉生长和产量的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Amount and Frequency on the Growth and Yield of Hybrid Cotton under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：郭琛 祁通[2] 侯振安[2] 吕新[2] 王海江[2] 张波[2] 龚江[2] 

机构地区：[1]农六师农业技术推广站,新疆五家渠831300 [2]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第9期1872-1877,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD21B02-2)

摘　　要：【目的】研究滴灌条件下不同灌溉量和灌溉频率对杂交棉生长和产量的影响。【方法】试验设置2个灌溉水平400和520 mm(分别用W400和W520表示)和2种灌溉频率5和10 d(分别用F5和F10表示)。【结果】高灌溉频率可以维持0～40 cm土壤含水量稳定在较高水平,有利于作物生长。灌水量和灌溉频率对杂交棉干物质积累的影响主要是在花铃期(播种后90 d),此时增加灌溉量或灌溉频率都可以促进杂交棉干物质积累,尤其是提高灌溉频率可明显促进棉花生长。【结论】增加灌溉量和灌溉频率可促进棉花干物质积累量,增加棉花产量;尤其是提高灌溉频率可以显著增加棉花干物质积累量、产量和水分利用率。不同处理棉花产量和水分利用率的顺序均为:W520F5>W400F5、W520F10>W400F10。在水资源缺乏的地区或时期,通过提高灌溉频率可以有效的增加棉花产量、提高水分利用率。Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation amount and frequency on the growth and yield of hybrid cotton under drip irrigation.Two irrigation amount were set as 400 and 520 mm and two irrigation frequencies were set as 5 and 10 d.The result showed that soil water content at 0-40 cm depth could be maintained at a relatively high level with highfrequency irrigation treatment and it＇s good for crop growing.Dry matter accumulation of hybrid cotton was influenced by irrigation amount and frequency after flowering stage（90 days after planting）.Increase of irrigation amount or frequency at this time could both improve the accumulation of dry matter of hybrid cotton,especially the increase of irrigation frequency could clearly boast the growth of cotton.Total dry matter accumulation,yield and water use efficiency increased with irrigation amount and frequency increasing.The order of cotton yield and water use efficiency for different treatments followed as W520F5 〉W400F5,W520F10〉 W400F10.These results suggested that in the water shortage area or during water shortage period,the yield and water use efficiency of hybrid cotton can be enhanced effectively by increasing irrigation frequency under drip irrigation.

关 键 词：滴灌 杂交棉 灌溉频率 水分利用效率 产量 

分 类 号：S562.06[农业科学—作物学]