不同时间套种对玉米生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Time of Interplanting on Growth and Yield of Maize

作　　者：于泽波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州职业学院,山东滨州256603

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第27期14898-14900,14906,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划"粮食丰产科技工程"重点项目子课题"鲁中半干旱区小麦玉米两熟丰产高效技术集成研究与示范"(2006bAD02A09-JS01)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同时间套种对玉米生长发育及产量的影响,为玉米适时早套,提高玉米产量提供参考。[方法]于5月15、20、25、30日和6月5日采用5个播期处理,麦套采用畦埂与套种行2种不同间距的套种方式,观察和测定不同播期玉米的展开叶数、可见叶、种子根数、次生根数、株高、地上部鲜重和干重以及产量。[结果]共生期间,不同播期玉米的展开叶数、可见叶、种子根数、次生根数播期早的均多于播期晚的,地上部鲜重和干重播期早的均重于播期晚的,株高播期早的高于播期晚的;同期播种的麦套玉米畦埂的多(或重或高)于套种行的;整个生育期,不同播期种子根和次生根无差异;而播期越晚叶片数越多、株高越高,产量5月25日套种最高,与单作玉米最高产量差异显著,但不极显著。[结论]玉米适时早套,麦收后立即中耕灭茬,适时追肥浇水,加强田间管理,能够取得较好的产量。[Objective]To investigate the effects of different time of interplanting on growth and yield of maize.[Method] Five sowing dates were selected,May 15,May 20,May 25,May 30 and June 5.Two interplanting patterns with different spacing were used,furrow of boundary ridge between fields and interplanting line.Some indicators at different sowing dates were determined,which included number of unrolled leaves,visible leaves,number of seminal roots,number of secondary roots,plant height,fresh weight and dry weight of aerial parts,and yield.[Result] In intergrowth period,compared with maize sowed later,maize sowed earlier had more unrolled leaves,visible leaves,seminal roots and secondary roots,lower fresh weight and dry weight of aerial parts,and higher plant height.When the maize was sowed at the same time,the maize interplanted with wheat was higher or heavier in the interplanting pattern of furrow of boundary ridge between fields than in that of interplanting line.During the whole growth period,the number of seminal roots was not different from that of secondary roots at different sowing dates.The maize sowed later had more leaves,higher plant,and higher yield（May 25,highest）.The yield of interplanted maize was higher than that of single planted one without significant difference.[Conclusion] Earlier interplanting,intertillage and stubble cleaning immediately after harvesting wheat,timely fertilization and irrigation,and strict field management should be performed to achieve better yields of maize.

关 键 词：播期 麦套玉米 单作玉米 生长生育 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]