对早熟、矮杆、小粒大豆基因型MiniMax作为大豆研究模式材料的探讨  

Inquisition of MiniMax,an Early Maturing,Dwarf,and Small-Seed Genotype,as a Research Model in Soybean

作　　者：曲明南[1,2] 孙石[2] 吴存祥[2] 费志宏[2] 郭玉华[1] 侯文胜[2] 韩天富[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2010年第11期1990-1997,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118400);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2007AA10Z133);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-004)资助

摘　　要：MiniMax是从美国引进的一个生育期短、植株矮、籽粒小的大豆遗传资源,具有成为大豆基础研究模式材料的潜力。本文从3个方面对MiniMax的形态特征和生长发育特性进行了系统研究:(1)参照DUS测试指南,观察、记载了该品系的植物学特性;(2)设置短日照(12h)和长日照(16h)两种光周期处理,结合不同播期试验(春播模拟低温、夏播模拟高温),观察不同光、温条件对其生育期、株高、籽粒大小的影响;(3)利用与生育期、株高、籽粒大小等性状相关SSR标记,解析该品系在这些位点的等位变异特点。结果表明,MiniMax在北京夏播自然光照条件下,生育期63.1d,株高39.0cm,百粒重4.6g。不同光、温处理对其籽粒大小影响较小,而对株高和生育期影响较大。MiniMax的光周期敏感度和光温综合敏感度接近于中国北方春大豆早熟品种,而温度敏感度与黄淮夏大豆品种相当。在短日+高温条件下,MiniMax的营养生长期及全生育期短、植株矮、籽粒小,可作为生长周期短、占地面积小的研究材料;而在长日+高温条件下,其生育期长、植株高、占用空间大。在MiniMax中检测到与生育期相关的QTL5个(FT2-1、Podmat13-3、R72-2、R31-3和R71-3),与株高相关的QTL5个(Plht13-3、Plht17-2、Plht13-2、Plht7-2和Plht11-3),与籽粒大小相关的QTL5个(Sdwt6-4、Sdwt7-3、Sdwt10-1、Sdwt12-3和Sdwt13-8)。作者认为,MiniMax籽粒小,在适宜的光温条件下具有生育期较短、株高矮、占用空间小等特点,可作为大豆研究模式材料使用。MiniMax,an early maturing,dwarf and small-seed line introduced from the US,has a potential becoming a research model in soybean.Systemic studies covering the morphological,growth and developmental characteristics of MiniMax were carried out as follows：（1） Botanical characteristics of MiniMax were recorded according to DUS standard for soybean.（2） Two photoperiodic treatments of 12 h（short day or SD） and 16 h（long day or LD） integrated with high temperature（HT）（summer sowing in Beijing） and low temperature（LT）（spring sowing） were designed to explore the photothermal effects on growth period,plant height and seed size of MiniMax.（3） QTL analysis associated with growth period,plant height and seed size was conducted.Under the summer-sowing condition of Beijing,the growth period,plant height and 100-seed weight of MiniMax were 63.1 d,39.0 cm,and 4.6 g,respectively.Different photoperiod and temperature treatments had small effects on the seed size,but significant impact on growth period and plant height.Photoperiod sensitivity and photothermal comprehensive sensitivity of MiniMax were close to those from Northern Spring-sowing Soybean Region in China,while temperature sensitivity of MiniMax was similar to that of summer-sowing varieties from Yellow-Huai-Hai River Valleys.Under SD and HT conditions,the vegetative growth stage and the whole growth period of MiniMax were short,with short plant height and small seed size;under LD and HT conditions,MiniMax had high plant height,late flowering dates and long whole growth period,and occupied large space.Five QTLs for growth period（FT 2-1,Pod mat 13-3,R7 2-2,R3 1-3,and R7 1-3）,five QTLs for plant height（Pl ht 13-3,Pl ht 17-2,Pl ht 13-2,Pl ht 7-2,and Pl ht 11-3） and five QTLs for seed size（Sd wt 6-4,Sd wt 7-3,Sd wt 10-1,Sd wt 12-3,and Sd wt 13-8） were detected by SSR analysis.Based on the results mentioned above,we proposed that MiniMax with rapid life cycle,short stature and small seed under suitable photothermal conditions,ca

关 键 词：大豆 MINIMAX 植物学特性 光周期反应 模式材料 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]