环青海湖北岸草甸化草原植物群落与气候因子的关系  

The relationship between plant communities of meadow grassland and climatic factors around north Qinghai Lake

作　　者：康晓甫[1] 伏洋[2] 颜亮东[2] 李希来[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810003 [2]青海省气象科学研究所,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《草业科学》2010年第10期1-9,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中国气象局成都高原气象研究所高原气象开放基金(LPM2009018)

摘　　要：通过对青海湖北岸草甸化草原植物群落生长发育变化规律与气候因子进行相关分析,揭示了影响该地区草地植物群落特征的关键气候因子,为当地合理利用草地和提高单位面积产草量以及应对气候变化提供科学依据。结果表明,随着全球气候的逐年变暖,青海湖北岸地区的气温和降水量也有逐年升高的趋势,同时,伴随着蒸发量的增大和日照时数的减少,牧草的一些生物学特征也随之发生了改变,表现在牧草返青期、抽穗期、开花期和种子成熟期逐年提前,而牧草黄枯期却逐年延迟,牧草高度和地上生物量也呈现出逐年升高的趋势;对牧草来说,年均蒸发量主要影响牧草的高度,而年降水量则更大程度上影响着牧草的产量,生长期长短则主要与日照时数有关。After analyzing the relationship between meadow grassland plant communities characteristics of growth and development of the north shore around Qinghai Lake and climatic factors,to reveal the key climatic factor that impacted the local grassland plant communities characteristics for providing the local a scientific basis to use grassland reasonably,enhance grassland output of unit area and deal with climatic change.The result showed that： the temperature and rainfall of the north shore around Qinghai Lake region appeared a trend that increased year by year,at the same time,associated with the increase of evaporation and decrease of sunshine hours,in the background of the global climate warming year by year.Some biological characteristics of grass changed too,and manifested that the periods of returning green,heading,flowering and seed maturity of grass brought forward,but brown period delayed,and forage height and aboveground biomass appeared a trend that increased year by year.As forages,annual average evaporation mainly affected the height of grass,annual average rainfall greatly impacted the aboveground biomass of forage,and growing season length of the forage were mainly related to the sunshine hours.

关 键 词：草甸化草原 植物群落 气候因子 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学] Q948.158[农业科学—畜牧学]