高层建筑楼梯井不同开口方式下的烟气控制效果研究  

Control effect of smoke in different opening situations in a high-building stairwell

作　　者：许晓元[1] 李元洲[1] 许兆宇[1] 李政[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《中国科学技术大学学报》2010年第10期1036-1042,共7页JUSTC

基　　金：中港合作裘措基金(5-ZH46)资助

摘　　要：在1/3缩尺寸的高层建筑楼梯井实验台内开展了火灾烟气运动规律和控制实验,研究了中部楼层着火,烟气进入楼梯井的情况下,楼梯井不同开口方式对烟气控制效果的影响.测量了楼梯井内烟气的竖向温度分布、进出口风速以及烟气前锋上升时间.结果表明:各工况下,烟气到达一定高度后,烟气温度呈指数衰减;不同开口方式时,楼梯井内中性面位置不同,烟气蔓延速度不等;当着火层的邻近层开口时,烟气温度衰减快,烟气蔓延速度慢,控烟效果好.Experiments were carried out in a one-third scale model of a twelve-storey stairwell in order to investigate the control effect of smoke spreading in the stairwell under different opening conditions.The fire source was located on the 6th floor.The smoke temperature distribution along the stairwell,the inflow or outflow velocity at the openings and the rising-time of smoke front under different opening conditions were discussed.The results show that the smoke temperature takes on an exponential decay along the vertical direction when the smoke reaches a certain height,and that the neutral plane height varies under various opening conditions.In general,when vents are opened on floors near the fire,smoke temperature decreases faster,the smoke spreads more slowly,and the effect of smoke control is better.

关 键 词：楼梯井 烟囱效应 控烟效果 竖向温度分布 中性面 

分 类 号：TU834.27[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]