大气可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))单颗粒硫化特征  

Sulfuration Character of Individual Particulates of PM_(10)

作　　者：刘彦飞[1,2] 邵龙义[1] 程晓霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]黑龙江科技学院资源与环境工程学院,哈尔滨150027

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第11期2555-2562,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：教育部科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(705022);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20070290007)

摘　　要：使用SEM/EDX对哈尔滨市夏季不同时段采集的可吸入颗粒物单个矿物颗粒的成分和硫化特征进行研究.结果表明,哈尔滨市夏季PM10中可以鉴定出的矿物有29种,其中黏土矿物所占比例超过了40%;中午时段内的样品几乎没有发生硫化,但早晚时段内采集的样品具有普遍的硫化现象,且黏土矿物发生硫化的几率最高,样品S/Ca的平均比值为1.0,是中午时段样品S/Ca值的73倍,不同时段、气象条件下样品的硫化程度不同,显示其硫化机制各不相同;按矿物的元素含量不同,矿物颗粒分为5种类型:"富Si"、"富Ca"、"富S"、"富Fe"、"富Mg",显示矿物颗粒主要来自地壳源;各时段样品中的矿物颗粒具有同源性,说明早晚时段样品中富含的S只能是大气二次化学反应的结果,且规则石膏颗粒主要是由方解石等碳酸钙盐矿物发生的硫化作用形成的.SEM /EDX was used to analyze the component and sulfuration characteristics of individual mineral particulates of PM10,which were collected at different times in summer of Harbin.The results indicate that,the 29 species of mineral were identified in summer of Harbin,in which the proportion of clay minerals is over 40% ;There are almost no changes in sulfuration in the noon-time period samples,however,the samples collected in the morning and evening show universal sulfuration.In all samples,clay minerals have the highest sulfuration incidence,the average ratio of S /Ca value is 1.0,which is 73 times of noon-sample S /Ca value.The sulfuration degree of samples at different times and meteorological condition show different mechanism of sulfuration.According to different content of mineral elements,mineral grains could be divided into five types：＂Si-rich＂,＂Ca-rich＂,＂S-rich＂,＂Fe-rich＂,＂Mg-rich＂,respectively,showing that the mineral particles mainly come from the crust source;The mineral particles at different times have homology,which indicates that the atmospheric secondary chemical reaction could be the only reason leading to the S rich in morning or evening periods samples,and rule gypsum particles was formed mainly by sulfuration of calcium carbonate mineral salt such as calcite minerals,etc.

关 键 词：PM10 单颗粒 SEM/EDX 硫酸盐化 黏土矿物 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]