上海市西南部空气中气传花粉调查  被引量:13

Airborne Pollen in Southern-West Area of Shanghai

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作  者:王班[1] 高萍[1] 刘洁[1] 赵世坤[1] 何丽明[1] 张雨露[1] 夏红蕾[1] 莫斌峰[1] 曹威[1] 王莲芸[1] 

机构地区:[1]上海交通大学生命科学技术学院实验教学中心,上海200240

出  处:《中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志》2010年第3期168-175,共8页Chinese Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology

基  金:第三期国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(091024831);上海交通大学本科生研究计划项目(T08016019)

摘  要:目的研究上海市西南部空气中气传花粉分布的规律。方法 2009年3月至2010年2月系统调查上海市西南部植物分布情况,并采用Durham重力沉降法对空气中气传花粉进行收集、鉴定,并统计分析主要气传花粉的分布规律。结果上海市西南部主要有110种植物,共鉴定出植物气传花粉48个科,55个种属,共计4599粒花粉。春季3-5月呈现全年第1个花粉高峰,以桑科(8.05%)、樟属(7.55%)、松科(6.00%)、桦木科(5.70%)、柏科(4.94%)、杉科(4.61%)、银杏(4.15%)等花粉为主;秋季9-11月呈现全年第2个花粉高峰,以葎草属(15.18%)、禾本科(9.09%)、菊科(2.8%)、棕榈科(2.70%)花粉为主;夏季6-8月虽然花粉种类较多,但每种花粉的数量较少;冬季12-2月只偶见极少量的花粉。此外,夏秋季发现加拿大一枝黄花(1.96%)和豚草(0.46%)。Spearman相关性分析显示:3月单日花粉总数与温度呈正相关(r=0.401,P=0.031),单日花粉总数与湿度呈负相关(r=-0.368,P=0.041);9月单日花粉总数与风力呈正相关(r=0.489,P=0.029)。结论上海市西南部气传花粉的分布具有明显的季节性,春季以树木类花粉为主,香樟、杉树、银杏花粉是春季空气中飘散的相对优势花粉;夏秋季以葎草属、禾本科、菊科为主,并发现加拿大一枝黄花和豚草花粉;在花粉飘散高峰期,空气中气传花粉随着温度增高和风力加大总数量增多,而空气湿度相对高时气传花粉数量相对减少。Objective To investigate the seasonal distribution of the airborne pollen in Southern-West area of Shanghai and the relationships between airborne pollen and meterological parameters. Methods The airborne pollen were collected with Durham gravity sampler from March 2009 to February 2010. Pollen sampling data were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. Results A total of 55 kinds pollens were identified, among which the main pollen airborne were, Moraceae ( 8.05% ) , Cinnamomum ( 7.55% ) , Pinaceae (6.00%), Betulaceae (5.70%), Cupressaceae (4.94%), Taxodiaceae (4.61%), Gingko (4.15%) in spring, the Humulus (15.18%) , Poaceae (9.09%) , Asteraceae (2.80%) and Palmaceae (2.70%) in autumn. Solidago canadensis (1.96%) and Ragweed (0.46%) were also found in summer and autumn. The correlation were analyzed by Spearman’s, between daily airborne pollen counts and atmospheric temperature( r = 0.469, P = 0.009) , and humidity ( r = -0.368, P = 0.041) in April, wind power ( r = 0.489, P = 0.029) in September. Conclusions Among the identified pollens, the major airborne pollen were Cinnamomum and Gingko in spring, the Humulus, Poaceae, Solidago and Ragweed would also found in summer and autumn. Airborne pollen counts are greatly influenced by meterological parameters.

关 键 词:气传花粉 香樟花粉 过敏 花粉计数 气象 

分 类 号:R593.1[医药卫生—内科学] Q948[医药卫生—临床医学]

 

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