半干旱典型草原区白榆防护林的密度与生物量试验  

The density and biomass experiment for Ulmus pumila shelter forest in the semi-arid typical grassland

作　　者：王玉魁[1,2] 杨文斌[3,4,5,6] 卢琦[3,4,5] 褚建民[3,4,5] 曹燕丽[3,4,5] 崔向慧[3,4,5] 王立兵[3,4,5] 高旭彪 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心,郑州450003 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 [4]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室 [5]中国防治荒漠化研究与发展中心,北京100091 [6]内蒙古林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010 [7]国家水利部水土保持评估中心,北京100080

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2010年第11期144-150,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30660155);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD26B01和2007BAD46B07)资助

摘　　要：白榆是典型草原区的乡土树种。在内蒙古四子王旗,通过对典型草原区人工营造的30a的白榆草牧场防护林及其与林下草本植被生物量的调查,初步得出如下结果:1)密度(d)与标准木的叶量、材积量、胸径存在如下关系:y=A×Bd的指数关系;当200株/hm2密度时,白榆防护林生物量最大,>1000株/hm2后出现严重衰退。2)密度>1000株/hm2后,造林8a后林木的正常生长受到制约,>400株/hm2后15a受到制约,而密度在200株/hm2左右时,30a时,标准木的胸径和材积生长量与孤立木的差距小于10%。3)白榆防护林年总生长物量是对照草地的3～4.5倍,其中叶量约占总生物量的92%～77%,密度在200株/hm2左右最大;林下草本植被的生物量低于对照草地61%～92%,密度为200株/hm2左右的白榆防护林单位面积木材蓄积量最大。4)白榆防护林林边行木的叶量和材积量比林内高152.52%～162.0%和28.8～81.7%,1050株/hm2的边行木的胸径和材积生长量分别比2100株/hm2的高41.2%和118.1%。The Ulmus pumila is the agrestic tree in the typical grassland area.Through studying of the biomass of different density of Ulmus pumila shelter forest and understory vegetation in Inner Mongolia,we have concluded the following results：1）The density and leaf biomass,tree volume,DBH of the shelter forest exists the relation of y=A×Bd;At 200 stubs/hm2 densities,the Ulmus pumila shelter forest biomass is the biggest,and appears the serious decline after over 1000 stubs/hm2.2）If the density is over 1000 stubs/hm2,wood normal growth will be subjected after 8 years.If the density is over 400 stubs/hm2,wood normal growth will be subjected after 15 years.But if the density is about 200 stubs/hm2,the difference of DBH and tree volume growth increments of the standard wood of 30 years and isolated wood is smaller in 10%.3）The total growth increments of Ulmus pumila shelter forest is 3-4.5 times of the control of rangeland,among them the leaf biomass takes 92-77% of the total biomass,and the leaf biomass is the biggest in 200 stubs/hm2;the herbage plants biomass is 61-92% less than the comparison rangeland,and the Ulmus pumila shelter unit timbers quantity is the biggest in density of 200 stubs/hm2.4）The Ulmus pumila shelter forest edge leaf biomass and tree volume are of 152.52-162.0% and 28.8-81.7% than the center＇s,and the tree volume and DBH of the 1050 stubs/hm2 are of 41.2 and 118.1% 2100 stubs/hm2＇s higher than respectively.

关 键 词：典型草原区 白榆 密度 生物量 

分 类 号：S727.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]