基于GIS的崂山区洪水危险等级模糊评判研究  

Fuzzy Evaluation of Flood Risk Rating in Laoshan District Based on GIS

作　　者：焦俊超[1,2] 马安青[1,2] 李福建[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2010年第5期161-164,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：海洋公益性项目"胶州湾水质预报关键技术前期研究"(20080511);国家海洋局908专项"其它海岸带地质害踏勘与调访"(908-01-ZH2)

摘　　要：为减少洪水灾害造成的损失并做到提前防范,以青岛市崂山区为研究对象,运用模糊数学综合评判方法建立因子集、决断集、隶属函数和权重集,设计出评判模型,借助GIS空间分析方法并结合GIS组件开发出崂山区洪水灾害危险性分级评判系统。该分级评判系统根据输入数据自动生成崂山区洪水危险性分布图,共分为最安全、安全、一般、不安全、最不安全5个等级,评判出的危险性空间分布与实际调查结果吻合程度高,其中王哥庄街道为洪水危险等级最高的地区。研究结果表明,该方法具有应用性强,操作简便,效果良好的特点,并有在其它危险评判中推广应用的潜力。The purpose of the study was to reduce the losses caused by flood and to prevent them in advance,by taking Laoshan District,Qingdao City as an object.Based on GIS components and the spatial analysis of GIS,we designed an evaluation model to develop flood risk evaluation system for Laoshan District,using factor set,judgment set,membership function,and weight set established by the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The system can produce assessment results automatically after user enters data,which is classed into high grade,slightly high grade,medium grade,slightly low grade,and low grade.The results obtained by the rating system are most in common with the actual results.Especially,Wanggezhuang street is in the highest grade in the area.With good flexibility and performance,the method of the system can be popularized to general crisis evaluation judge.

关 键 词：GIS 洪水危险性分级 模糊评判 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]