锡林郭勒草原草地类型研究——以洪格尔高勒生态建设试验区为例  

Types of Xilinguole Grassland——Based on the Honggeergaole Ecological Experimental Area

作　　者：张玉平[1] 满良[2] 金山[3] 吴红英[2] 陈山[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京教育学院科研处,北京100120 [2]内蒙古师范大学,呼和浩特010022 [3]山西长治学院生化系,山西长治046011

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期4-9,共6页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助研究成果;项目编号:30250006

摘　　要：草地是一种廉价且可以更新的生物资源。只要管理得当,利用合理,建设有方,就可持续发展;反之,掠夺经营会造成草地退化、环境恶化、资源枯竭、贻害子孙。重建、恢复草原生态环境,必须遵循因地制宜的科学原则。以比例尺为1∶10000的地形图为工作底图,依据《中国草地资源》的分类原则,严格按照《草地资源调查技术规程》调查内蒙古洪格尔高勒生态建设试验区,发现该试验区草地内发育着2类、5亚类、4组、8草地型。2类草地是:温性草原类草地和低地草甸类草地;5亚类草地是:平原丘陵草原亚类草地、沙地草原亚类草地、盐化低地草甸亚类草地、低湿地草甸亚类草地、沼泽化低地草甸亚类;4组草地是:蒿类半灌木组、高禾草组、中禾草组及小禾草组;8草地型为:冷蒿Artemisia frigida、克氏针茅Stipa krylovii草地型,具有小叶锦鸡儿的冷蒿Artemisia frigida、克氏针茅Stipa krylovii草地型,具有小叶锦鸡儿的褐沙蒿Artemisia intramongolica草地型,具有柳灌丛的褐沙蒿Artemisia intramongolica草地型,芨芨草Achnatherum splendens草地型,巨序剪股颖Agrostis gigantean、杂类草草地型,拂子茅Calamagrostis epigejos草地型,华扁穗草Blysmussino compressus草地型。探清洪格尔高勒生态建设试验区草地类型是科学合理管理草原的基础,为锡林郭勒草原生态环境的改善、重建提供科学依据,更是发展当地经济的有利保障。Grassland is a cheap biological resource which can be updated. If properly managed, using reasonable, well-construction, on sustainable development; the other hand, predatory management will cause degradation, environmental degradation, resource depletion, and harming children. Reconstruction, restoration of grassland ecological environment, scientific principles must be followed according to local conditions. To scale as the 1：10000 topographic map as base work map, according to ＂Chinese grassland resources＂ of the classification principle, strictly in accordance with the ＂survey of grassland resources＂ technical Specification ecological survey Honggeergaole ecological experimental area, where the grass the pilot area development within the two categories, 5 sub-class, 8 grass type. 2 Category grass is warm steppe grassland and lowland meadow type grass; 5 subgroups grass are plain and hilly grassland subtypes, sandy grassland sub-class grass, salt lowland meadow sub-type, lowland meadow grassland sub- class, lowland meadow marsh subclass; 4 groups grassland are semi-shrub Artemisia group, high grass group, group and small grasses in the grass group; 8 grass type are A rtemisia frigida and Stipa krylovii grassland type, A rtemisia frigida with Caragana mic rophylla grassland type, A rtemisia intramongolica with Caragana microphylla grassland type, Artemisia intramongolica with salix spp. grassland type, Achnatherum splendens grassland type, Agrostis gigantean grassland type, miscellaneous carelessly grassland type, Calamagrostis epigejos grassland type, Blysmus sinocompressus grassland type. Exploring Hongeergaole ecological experimental area grassland type is the basis of scientific and rational management, improving the local ecological environment, reconstruction of scientific evidence, it is beneficial to protect the development of local economy.

关 键 词：草地类型 基本特征 生态建设试验区 洪格尔高勒 锡林郭勒草原 

分 类 号：S812.3[农业科学—草业科学]