根茎禾草沙鞭的等位酶变异及克隆多样性  

Allozyme Variance and Clonal Diversity in the Rhizomatous Grass Psammochloa villosa (Gramineae) 

作　　者：王可青[1,2] 葛颂[1,2] 董鸣 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放实验室 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放实验室

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1999年第5期534-540,共7页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：中国科学院生物科学和技术研究特支费资助项目

摘　　要：沙鞭（Ｐｓａｍｍｏｃｈｌｏａｖｉｌｏｓａ（Ｔｒｉｎ．）Ｂｏｒ）是禾本科的一种沙生旱生植物，靠根茎进行无性生殖。采用１０种酶系统共１５个基因位点对中国科学院植物研究所内蒙古伊克昭盟鄂尔多斯沙地草地生态研究站的４个天然居群进行了遗传结构和克隆多样性分析。结果表明，和同类植物相比，沙鞭的遗传变异水平和克隆多样性均较低。沙鞭４个居群的遗传组成明显不同。石龙庙流动沙丘和石灰庙固定沙丘的基株数目多，遗传变异水平较高，而石龙庙固定沙丘和石灰庙半流动沙丘的基株数目少，只有１株或２株，且多样性水平极低。环境差异在沙鞭的等位酶变异上未得到反映。和其它克隆植物相似，沙鞭的大部分变异存在于居群间（ＧＳＴ＝６２．１６％），居群内变异所占比例较少。沙鞭９１．６７％的基因型属地方型，无广布基因型。Psammochloa villosa (Trin.) Bor (Gramineae) is a rhizomatous grass with characteristic sand fixation. Ten enzymes encoded with 15 allozymic loci were used to examine the genetic structures of four natural populations in Inner Mongolia from different habitats. Electrophoretic data indicated that P. villosa had lower genetic variation ( He =0.104) and lower clonal diversity ( D =0.764) than other similar plants. Genetic compositions of the 4 populations were different. In Shilongmiao mobile dune and Shihuimiao fixed dune there were more genotypes and higher levels of variation than in Shilongmiao fixed dune and Shihuimiao semi mobile dune. Just like other clonal plants, most genetic variation of P. villosa resided among populations ( G ST = 62.16%). Most genotypes were local, and there were no spread genotypes. Factors contributed to the genetic structure are herein discussed.

关 键 词：沙鞭 克隆植物 等位酶 克隆多样性 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学]