德国统一前后竞技体育发展特点研究  

Investigation on the Characters and Trend of Competitive Sports before and after the Unite of Germany

作　　者：刘波[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学体育部,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2010年第10期25-28,共4页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目子课题(项目号:08ATY001)

摘　　要：德国是公认的体育强国,通过对原东西德以及统一后德国竞技体育发展特点的分析,认为原东德的"举国体制"和原西德的"俱乐部体制"分别具有"高效"和"均衡"的特点,统一后的德国沿用了原西德的体制,对夏季奥运会项目和冬季奥运会项目分别产生了不同的影响。统一后的德国在基本保证竞技体育水平的前提下使体育事业协调发展的经验值得我国借鉴。Germany is a well-known powerful nation in sports.By analyze of the development characters of competitive sports in German Democratic Republic（East Germany）,Federal Republic of Germany（West Germany） and united Germany,the author consider that the ＂whole-nation system＂ in East Germany and the ＂sports club system＂ in West Germany each has the characteristics of ＂efficient＂ and ＂balanced＂ respectively.The system in united Germany is as same as that of West Germany,which affected the events in Summer and Winter Olympic Games differently.The experience of united Germany to balanced development while maintaining general competitive sports level may be a good reference for China.

关 键 词：德国 竞技体育 举国体制 俱乐部体制 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]