西北旱地冬小麦氮素营养诊断生理指标初探  

Diagnosis Nitrogen Nutrition of Different Winter Wheat Cultivars on Dryland in the Northwest China

作　　者：赵满兴[1,2] 陈宗礼[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000 [2]陕西省区域生物资源保育与利用工程研究中心,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第20期222-226,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30230230);陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(09JK828);延安大学科研项目(YD2007-61);延安大学重点扶持学科(细胞生物学);陕西省重点扶持学科建设项目(生态学)

摘　　要：为了深入研究不同作物的诊断临界值以及与其他诊断指标的相关性,通过田间试验研究了西北旱地主栽的4个冬小麦品种氮素营养诊断生理指标间的关系。结果表明,在拔节期,品种间的硝态氮、铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质都达到显著水平。施氮量、籽粒产量与铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质有较好的相关性,其中铵态氮和可溶性蛋白质与施氮量、籽粒产量的相关性最好。铵态氮可以反映小麦体内酰胺态氮、可溶性蛋白质的状况,在拔节期可以用铵态氮来代替酰胺态氮、可溶性蛋白质进行诊断。营养生长期间,旗叶铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质含量水平高,有利于籽粒产量的提高。但在诊断时应考虑不同品种间存在的差异。不同小麦品种拔节期铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质与施氮量和小麦籽粒产量的相关性高于其他时期,说明了拔节期是进行氮素营养诊断的适宜时期。A field experiment was used in this research to study the application of different nitrogen in diagnosing the nitrogen nutrition of four different winter wheat cultivars on dryland of Northwest China. In Jointing stage,NO3--N,NH4＋-N,NH2--N （amide nitrogen,NH2--N）,Pro--N （soluble protein nitrogen,Pro--N） showed obvious differences among the different varieties. The significant correlations were found between NH4＋-N,NH2--N,Pro--N and yield and N rate. In vegetable growth stage,the yield increased with the levels of NH4＋-N,NH2--N,Pro--N in the leaves of wheat. The optimum stage for nitrogen diagnosis was in the Jointing stage. The variations of NH4 ＋-N,NH2--N and Pro--N value with the variety of wheat is needed considering during the diagnosis. The correlation coefficients between the NH4 ＋-N,NH2--N and Pro--N value at jointing stage and the different nitrogen rate and grain of winter wheat was higher than that of other growth stages,indicating that the jointing stage is a suitable stage for diagnosing the nitrogen nutrition of winter wheat.

关 键 词：冬小麦 品种 氮素营养诊断 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]