施氮量及追肥比例对冬马铃薯块茎品质形成的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Level and Top Dressing Proportion on Quality of Winter Potato

作　　者：董茜[1] 郑顺林[1] 李国培[1] 袁继超[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2010年第5期1571-1574,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省育种攻关配套项目(2006YZGG-28);国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BA098003);四川省天府英才培养项目;四川省教育厅青年基金项目

摘　　要：采用随机区组设计,通过田间试验,研究了氮肥水平及追肥比例对马铃薯淀粉、还原糖等品质主要指标的影响,以期为马铃薯的优质栽培提供科学的施氮依据。结果表明:①支链淀粉和总淀粉含量随着施氮量的增加,呈现先升高后降低的趋势,随追氮比例的提高而降低,少量施用氮肥可以提高淀粉的含量,过多施用氮肥和提高追氮比例会降低淀粉含量;②还原糖和可溶性糖的含量随氮肥水平和追肥比例的提高而较大幅度增加,特别是还原糖含量。还原糖含量受氮肥水平和追肥比例的影响最大,其次为可溶糖含量,淀粉含量受的影响相对较小;③适量施用氮肥和追肥比例可显著提高马铃薯产量。高产与优质(高淀粉、低还原糖)的最佳施肥方式不一致,生产上要根据生产用途综合考虑施肥方式。The effect of nitrogen level and top dressing proportion on main quality of starch, reducing sugar was studied with randomized block design with two factors in order to obtain the high-quality cultivation measure about nitrogen of winter potato. The results showed as follows： （i） With the amount of nitrogen increasing, amylopectin and total starch increased at first, then decreased, with the increasing of proportion of nitrogen,the starch showed the decreasing trend, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the starch content, but too much nitrogen application andhigh proportion of nitrogen reduced the starch. （ii）Soluble sugar,especially reducing sugar content increased significantly with the increasing of nitrogen levels and proportion of top-dressing. The effect of nitrogen levels and proportion of top-dressing on reducing sugar was more significant than that of soluble sugar,and the impact of starch was relatively small. （iii） The reasonable amount of nitrogen fertilizer and proportion of topdressing could increase potato production significantly. The optimal fertilization methods of high yield did not coincide with high quality （high-starch, low reducing sugar）, so how to apply the reasonable methods of nitrogen fertilizer, should be considered comprehensively according to actual production situation.

关 键 词：冬马铃薯 氮肥运筹 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]