凝胶介质中仿生矿化过程的研究  

Bio-Inspired Mineralization Process in Gel Media

作　　者：史莹[1] 耿家青[1] 杨冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《化学进展》2010年第11期2224-2231,共8页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2009CB7247000);天津市自然科学基金项目(No.08JCYBJC01700)资助

摘　　要：本文综述了凝胶介质中仿生矿化过程的研究进展。仿生矿化是当前化学、生物学和材料科学的研究前沿和热点。近年来,越来越多的生物学证据表明:生物体中的蛋白质和多糖等生物大分子,往往通过超分子组装形成凝胶状基质网络,进而对生物矿化过程施加影响。因此,凝胶介质中的仿生矿化研究对深入了解生物矿化机理,以及从理论上指导先进功能材料的设计和合成具有重要意义。迄今为止,研究人员已经对天然和合成高分子凝胶、超分子水凝胶和无机凝胶等多种凝胶介质中的仿生矿化过程进行了研究。结果表明:凝胶介质主要通过其三维网络结构限制反应离子在其内部的扩散速率,并掺杂到无机矿物的晶体结构中,从而影响生成晶体的形貌和构造;而且在有机基质(如水溶性有机高分子和自组装单层等)的协同作用下,凝胶介质中的仿生矿化过程也呈现出与水溶液中不同的特点。此外,本文还介绍了当前对凝胶介质中矿物形貌的调控和矿化机理的几种不同观点,并对该领域未来的研究和应用进行了展望。This review introduces the research progress of the bio-inspired mineralization process in the gel medium.Bio-inspired mineralization is the leading edge and hotspot of the research in the fields including chemistry,biology and materials science at present.Recently,more and more efforts prove that the biomolecules,such as the protein and polysaccharide,usually form the gelatinous reticular matrix in the organism,which can influence the biomineralization process.Therefore,the research of bio-inspired mineralization processes in the gel medium is important to understand the biomineralization mechanism,and guide the design and synthesis of advanced functional materials.Until now,the bio-inspired mineralization process in the gel media including the natural and man-made macromolecule gel,supermolecule hydrogel,and inorganic gel,etc.has been investigated.The current experimental results show that the gel media control the morphology of inorganic crystals by primarily inhibiting the diffusion of reactant ions in their network structure and doping into the formed crystals.Moreover,the bio-inspired mineralization in the gel medium cooperating with organic matrices,such as water-soluble additives and selfassembled mono-layers （SAMs）,exhibits different characters from that in aqueous solution.In addition,this review also introduces several opinions about the bio-inspired mineralization mechanism of inorganic crystals formed in the gel medium.At last,the development trend of the research and application in this field is expected.

关 键 词：仿生矿化 凝胶 无机晶体 形貌调控 

分 类 号：Q811.7[生物学—生物工程] O743.52[理学—晶体学]