禁牧对隆宝国家自然保护区草地的影响  

The effects of grazing prohibition on grassland at Longbao national nature reserve

作　　者：杨霁琴[1] 袁苗苗[1] 张翔宇[1] 张哲文[1] 司万童[1] 尚占环[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2010年第5期46-49,共4页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630644);国家自然科学基金(30730069)资助

摘　　要：在青海省玉树县隆宝国家级自然保护区的典型禁牧、半禁牧、自由放牧的高寒草地,调查3种草地的植物量、生物多样性、土壤理化性质等特征,分析禁牧对隆宝国家级自然保护区高寒草地的影响。结果表明,禁牧可以有效提高该保护区内高寒草地植物量,增加植被盖度,提高禾草类优良牧草功能群的比例,植物多样性增加;禁牧可以提高土壤碳库、氮库及储水能力;禁牧使地上植被与土壤有机碳、氮、储水功能协同演变,但对土壤磷影响不大。此外,适当程度的禁牧是降低高寒湿地土壤水分蒸发,减缓高寒沼泽湿地退化的有效手段。The effects of enclosure on grassland at Longbao national nature reserve was surveyed by analyzed vegetation status,phytomass,plant species biodiversity,soil characteristics of all-enclosure grassland,semi-enclosure grassland,and free-grazing grassland.The results indicated that enclosure could significantly improve the alpine grassland＇s vegetation biomass,the coverage,the proportion of graminaceous grass and the biodiversity.And it also enhanced soil carbon,nitrogen and water store except soil phosphorus.Furthermore,the appropriate level of enclosure is an effective approach to reduce the high-alpine soil moisture evaporation and degradation of alpine wetlands.It suggested that further measures of grazing prohibition,such as fencing persistently,should be taken to keep the grassland＇s eco-function in the future.

关 键 词：青藏高原 隆宝国家自然保护区 高寒草地 禁牧 生物多样性 土壤功能 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]