冬季南澳岛不同养殖区浮游细菌分布及微表层的富集作用  

Distribution of bacterioplankton and the enrichment of microlayer in different culture zones,in winter Nan'ao Island

作　　者：张俊[1] 胡晓娟[1] 杨宇峰[1] 龚映雪[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东省教育厅重点实验室,热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心,广州510632 [2]暨南大学生命与健康工程研究院,广州510632

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2010年第5期78-82,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委-广东省人民政府联合重点基金项目(U0633006);国家自然科学基金项目(40873065,40673062)

摘　　要：通过对广东省南澳岛不同养殖区不同水层的调查,探讨了冬季南澳岛不同养殖区的浮游细菌分布及理化因子,并分析了海洋微表层的富集作用。结果表明,温度、盐度、叶绿素a(chl-a)、TN及TP在不同养殖区的差异不明显(p>0.05),在不同水层之间的分布也无一定规律。除对照区微表层水体对chl-a无富集作用外,其余各站点的微表层对chl-a、TN和TP都表现出一定的富集作用。异养细菌及弧菌总数在鱼类养殖区最高,其次为贝类养殖区,最低为龙须菜栽培区;粪大肠菌群在贝类养殖区最高,其次为鱼类养殖区,最低为龙须菜栽培区。除粪大肠菌群外,异养细菌及弧菌总数均在各站点微表层水体中最高。异养细菌、弧菌和粪大肠菌群数的最高值分别为4.61×10~5cfu/mL、1.5×10~4 cfu/mL和3 500 mL^(-1)。贝类养殖区的粪大肠菌群数远超出国家海水水质标准。各站点微表层水体对异养细菌和弧菌都表现出很强的富集作用,对粪大肠菌群的富集作用则较弱。This paper is to introduce our investigation results of the bacterioplankton distribution and the enrichment of sea-face microlayer, and physicochemical factors in different water layers by using our collected samples from different culture zones in winter Nan＇ao Island, Guangdong （from Dec 2008 to Jan 2009） . The results of our investigation indicate that the distributions of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a （chl-a）, the total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus （TP） reveal no signitlcant differences in different water layers of the various sampling sites （p 〉 0.05）. In addition, the enrichment effect of ehl- a, TN and TP in the sea-face microlayer proves to be remarkable in the sampling sites except chl-a in the control zone. Of all the sam- pling sites, the amounts of heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio were the greatest in the fish culture zone which is followed by the shellfish cul- ture zone, with the lowest in Gracilaria lemaneiformis culture zone. Moreover, the amount of fecal coliform in the shellfish culture zone tends to be greatest, followed by the fish culture zone but the lowest in Gracilaria lemaneiformis culture zone. Besides, the amounts of the heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio were also the biggest in the sea-face microlayer with that maximal of heterotrophic bacteria, Vibrio, fecal coliform being 4.61×10^5 cfu/mL, 1.5 ×10^5 cfu/mL, 3 500 mL- l, respectively. The amount of fecal coliform in the shellfish culture zone was thus found much higher than the national water quality control standard. Furthermore, the distribution of fecal coliform proves to be influenced by the human activities. Since the sea-face microlayer may help to enrich the heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio, but help little with the enrichment of fecal coliform in all the sampling sites, the maximum enrichment factors of heterotrophic bacteria, Vibrio and fecal coliform in the microlayer can thus reach 60.0, 62.9 and 10.6, respectively.

关 键 词：生态学 南澳岛 浮游细菌 微表层 富集作用 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学] X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]