建筑物对氯气泄漏扩散影响的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of building influence on leakage and diffusion of chlorine

作　　者：吴玉剑[1] 潘旭海[1] 孙智灏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全工程学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2010年第11期939-942,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAK01B03-3);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(06KJD620079);江苏省"青蓝工程"优秀青年骨干教师计划项目

摘　　要：基于FLUENT软件的物质传输模块建立氯气泄漏扩散模型。考虑建筑物对氯气泄漏扩散的影响,针对不同的建筑物宽度、高度、泄漏口与建筑物的距离以及泄漏口与建筑物的相对位置等对氯气泄漏扩散进行数值模拟。结果表明:随着建筑物宽度增加,气体的高浓度区逐渐从建筑物两侧转移到建筑物顶部;随着建筑物高度增加,气体的高浓度区逐渐从建筑物顶部转移到建筑物两侧;随着距离的增大,越过建筑物的气体增加,在建筑物下风向的气体浓度就越高;泄漏源距离地面越高,泄漏气体扩散至地面的垂直距离增大,在相同的泄漏源强度和气象条件下,扩散至地面同等距离处的气体浓度越低;泄漏源在建筑物下风向时,受建筑物背部回流风场的影响,气体向建筑物方向扩散并逐渐向两侧扩散,同时使气体积聚在此不易扩散,导致泄漏源和建筑物背风侧的气体浓度较高。A model for the leakage and diffusion of chlorine was established based on the species transport of FLUENT.Taking the building influence into account,the simulations were run according to different width and height of building,the unequal distance between the leakage source and the building and the leakage source position.The results show that,with the increases of width of building,high concentration range of gas is gradually transferred from both sides to the top of the buildings;with the increases of height of building,high concentration range of gas is gradually transferred from building top to the sides;the more space between building,the more gases will move over the building and the higher gas concentration will appear on the leeward side;the higher gas leakage source is,the larger vertical distance it will spread to the ground,and under the condition of the same leakage source intensity and weather conditions,the gas density is lower after the same distance spread;when the leakage source is on the leeward side,under the influence of the backflow wind field,the gas will spread toward the building and to the sides of it later,at the same time,the gas will gather on the sides,not easy to spread,which leads to higher gas concentration on the leeward side and around the leakage source.

关 键 词：FLUENT 氯气 泄漏扩散 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU972[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]