某港口工业区建设和部分投产期间土壤重金属污染状况调查和评价  

SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT ON HEAVE METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL OF CAOFEIDIAN INDUSTRIAL AREA AT THE CONSTRUCTION AND PUTTING INTO PARTIAL OPERATION STAGE

作　　者：李君[1] 关维俊[1] 蒋守芳[1] 佟俊旺[1] 刘楠[1] 焦月英[2] 高彦梅[2] 郑天然 李克 鲁亚静 朱琳[2] 陈超[2] 何黔黔[2] 黎冠龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院预防医学系/河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室,唐山063000 [2]华北煤炭医学院预防医学系 [3]唐山市唐海县疾病控制中心 [4]唐山市曹妃甸工业区管理委员会

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第22期4224-4226,4232,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]对某港口工业区建设和部分投产期间的土壤重金属污染状况进行监测,对工业区土壤环境状况进行综合评价。[方法]采用功能分区法,将首钢京唐钢铁厂(简称首钢钢厂)、华润电厂、矿石码头、煤炭码头,原油码头视为污染区,发展备用地作为对照区,采用梅花布点法采集各区土样。对各采样点土样中砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)8种重金属用等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定,按照国家土壤环境质量标准(GB15618-1995)计算各采样点重金属污染超标倍数和超标率、分级污染指数及内梅罗污染指数。[结果]某港口工业区各采样点土壤中As、Cr、Pb和Zn含量均未超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准;首钢京唐钢铁厂、华润电厂、煤炭码头和原油码头土壤中的Cd、Cu、Hg和Ni的含量均超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准;而矿石码头只有Cd的含量超过了国家一级标准。首钢钢厂、华润电厂、煤炭码头、原油码头、矿石码头和对照区土壤污染内梅罗指数分别为2.091、1.917、1.828、1.710、0.819和0.677。[结论]某港口工业区建设和部分投产期间土壤重金属Cd、Cu、Hg和Ni含量超标。各采样点土壤重金属污染综合评价为首钢钢厂为中度污染;华润电厂、煤炭码头、原油码头为轻度污染、矿石码头尚清洁;对照区土壤清洁。[Objective] To monitor the environmental soil at the construction and put into partial operation stage,and to carry out comprehensive evaluation of soil on the industrial areas.[Methods] The sampling method according to the functional scene was used.The industrial areas（Capital Iron and Steel Industrial Factory,Huarun Power Plant） and dock areas（Ore Dock,Coal Dock,Crude Oil Dock） were taken as the contaminated area,and the development and reserve area were taken as the control plot.Sampling point in industrial area,dock area and control area were selected respectively.Several metal compo-nents such as arsenic（As）,cadmium（Cd）,chromium（Cr）,copper（Cu）,mercury（Hg）,nickel（Ni）,lead（Pb） and zinc（Zn） in the sampling points are detected by ICP-MS.According to the standard of National Soil Environmental Quality Standard（GB15618-1995）,the times and rates of ultra standard,classified contamination index and Nemerow index of all the sampling soil were calculated.[Results] The contents of As,Cr,Pb and Zn in the soil of all the sampling points of Caofeidi-an Industrial Area did not exceed Grade I Standard of National Soil Environmental Quality Standard.The contents of Cd,Cu,Hg and Ni in the soil of Capital Iron and Steel Industrial Factory,Huarun Power Plant,Coal Dock and Crude Oil Dock sur-passed Grade I Standard of National Soil Environmental Quality Standard,while only the content of Cd exceeded the national standards in the Ore Dock.The Nemerow index on soil pollution of Capital Iron and Steel Industrial Factory,Huarun Power Plant,Coal Dock,Crude Oil Dock,Ore Dock and the control plot were 2.091,1.917,1.828,1.710,0.819 and 0.677,re-spectively.[Conclusion] The contents of some heavy metal in the soil of Caofeidian Industrial Area,such as Cd,Cu,Hg and Ni,exceeded the national standards during the period of construction and partial operation.The pollution situation of heavy metal in every sampling point were comprehensive evaluated,and the Capital Iron and Steel Industrial Factory ha

关 键 词：土壤 重金属污染 土壤环境质量评价 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]