石羊河、黑河流域上游山地景观格局特征比较  

A Comparison of the Landscape Pattern between the Upper Reaches of the Shiyang River and the Upper Reaches of the Heihe River

作　　者：汤萃文[1,2] 杨国靖[3] 任珺 苏研科[1] 肖笃宁[4] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]寒区旱区水资源综合利用教育部工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [4]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第5期1007-1014,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(90102004);国家自然科学基金项目(30500075;30970490);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-QN310);兰州交通大学"青蓝"人才工程基金资助计划项目(QL-08-04A)资助

摘　　要：在RS和GIS技术的支持下,以研究区TM影像图和数字地形图为基础,运用景观指数分析方法和空间叠加分析方法,对石羊河、黑河流域上游地貌格局、景观格局及其空间分布基本特征进行了比较.结果显示:石羊河上游农田面积比例显著高于黑河上游,山地草原和乔木林占据面积较大,景观异质性较高,但破碎化程度也较高;黑河上游高山灌丛和高山草甸占据面积较大,景观完整性和连通性较好,破碎化程度较低.结果反映出不同的地形地貌特征、气候条件以及人类活动方式对干旱区山地自然景观结构及其分布特征的影响.Under the support of RS and GIS technology,based on the TM image and DTM data,the methods of landscape indices analysis and overlay analysis were used to compare the landscape patterns and spatial distribution characteristics between the upper reaches of the Shiyang River and the Heihe River,which are located in the eastern and middle parts of the northern slopes,respectively,of the Qilian Mountains.The results show that the upper reaches of the Shiyang River have larger area proportion of farmland,upland meadow and high-forest,and the upper reaches of the Heihe River have larger area proportion of alpine shrubs and alpine meadow.The heterogeneity and fragmentation of the upper reaches of the Shiyang River is higher than that of the upper reaches of the Heihe River.Accordingly,the landscape connectedness and intergrality of the upper reaches of the Heihe River are higher than that of the upper reaches of the Shiyang River.All the results reveal that the climatic conditions,physiognomy structure,and human activities are the conjunct factors,which form the vegetation landscape pattern in arid mountains.

关 键 词：景观格局 空间分布 景观指数 山地 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]